{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T12:28:12Z","timestamp":1765888092945,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545868800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61104181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61104181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Control Science and Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chilled water system of central air conditioning is a typical hybrid system; variable frequency behavior with amplitude limited of pumps reflects continuous and discrete dynamic characteristics. The way of energy-saving is variable water volume, via variable frequency behavior of pumps to gain adjustment of power consumption. Facing the situation of the variable frequency pumps with parallel operation, single continuous or discrete modeling cannot reflect the hybrid features. Thus, the control method will have some questions, such as bad energy-saving effect, difficult accurate adjustment of cold capacity, and low running energy efficiency. However, hybrid system modeling can reflect hybrid dynamic behavior of pumps, which is combining continuous and discrete features. The questions of nonlinear and multiparameters can be solved by control method based on hybrid system. Here, an optimum control method is proposed with the principle of the minimum, by setting the minimum power consumption as the performance function in fixed time, which realizes variable control of pumps and accurate adjustment of temperature inside room. At last, it shows the system characteristics and energy-saving affection by hybrid system modeling and the optimum control method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3750859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T18:30:34Z","timestamp":1545935434000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An Optimal Hybrid Control Method for Energy-Saving of Chilled Water System in Central Air Conditioning"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0998-5072","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty Development and Educational Technology Center, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China"},{"name":"School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"},{"name":"Foshan Institute of Modern Services, Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Foshan 528100, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Network, Guangdong AIB Polytechnic College 510507, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8177-8599","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"year":"2004","key":"1"},{"issue":"11","key":"2","first-page":"79","volume":"27","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gas & Heat"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3834601"},{"issue":"9","key":"4","first-page":"128","volume":"42","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hunan Daxue Xuebao\/Journal of Hunan University Natural Sciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"5","first-page":"26","volume":"45","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of South China University of Technology"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2011.07.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"7","first-page":"42","volume":"23","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fluid Machinery"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.applthermaleng.2017.10.113"},{"issue":"1","key":"9","first-page":"55","volume":"28","year":"2007","journal-title":"Instrument Technique & Sensor"},{"issue":"11","key":"10","first-page":"66","volume":"41","year":"2007","journal-title":"Power Electronics"},{"issue":"5","key":"12","first-page":"53","volume":"40","year":"2010","journal-title":"Electric Drive"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6389438"},{"journal-title":"Construction Machinery for Hydraulic Engineering & Power Station","year":"2004","key":"14"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0017-9310(94)00208-D"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-7007(95)96863-2"},{"issue":"3","key":"18","first-page":"68","volume":"40","year":"2010","journal-title":"Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning"},{"issue":"10","key":"19","first-page":"90","volume":"35","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hv & Ac"}],"container-title":["Journal of Control Science and Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jcse\/2018\/3750859.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jcse\/2018\/3750859.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jcse\/2018\/3750859.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]],"date-time":"2018-12-27T18:30:38Z","timestamp":1545935438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jcse\/2018\/3750859\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]},"references-count":17,"alternative-id":["3750859","3750859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/3750859","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-5249","1687-5257"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1687-5249"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1687-5257"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,27]]}}}