{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T19:48:45Z","timestamp":1766087325374,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1538611200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cancer Research Funds of Radiumhemmet","award":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007687","name":"Swedish Society of Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007687","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004348","name":"Stockholm County Council","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["161072","SLS-248851","20170080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004348","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Mediators of Inflammation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Clinical studies have shown that radiotherapy can induce vascular disease at the site of exposure but is usually not clinically evident until years after treatment. We have studied irradiated human arteries and veins to better understand the underlying biology in search of future treatments. The aim was to investigate whether radiotherapy contributed to a sustained expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in human arteries and veins. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Irradiated arteries and veins were harvested, together with unirradiated control vessels, from patients undergoing free tissue transfer reconstruction at a median time of 90 weeks [5\u2013650] following radiation exposure. Differential gene expression of PAI-1 was analysed, together with immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. PAI-1 gene expression was increased in both arteries (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.012<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and veins (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) in irradiated compared to unirradiated control vessels. IHC and IF indicated that cells expressing PAI-1 were located in the adventitia of both arteries and veins and colocalized with cells positive for CD68, CD45, and <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-SMA in arteries and with CD45 and <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>-SMA in veins. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. The current study shows a sustained upregulation of PAI-1 in both arteries and veins after exposure to ionizing radiation, indicating a chronic inflammation mainly in the adventitia. We believe that the results contribute to further understanding of radiation-induced vascular disease, where targeting PAI-1 may be a potential treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4058986","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,4]],"date-time":"2018-10-04T04:36:06Z","timestamp":1538627766000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Upregulation of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Irradiated Recipient Arteries and Veins from Free Tissue Transfer Reconstruction in Cancer Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4415-9633","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bjorn O.","family":"Eriksson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\/Head and Neck Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline","family":"Gahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\/Head and Neck Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"CLINTEC, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Halle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reconstructive Plastic Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, 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