{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T09:47:09Z","timestamp":1768729629283,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1537833600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009543","name":"Pontificia Universidad Javeriana","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["005463"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["005463"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Chronic periodontitis is a multifactorial infectious disease, where multiple bacteria, such as<jats:italic>Porphyromonas gingivalis<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Prevotella intermedia<\/jats:italic>, and<jats:italic>Fusobacterium nucleatum<\/jats:italic>are implicated. The main purpose of researching natural products is to find substances or compounds with antimicrobial activity.<jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. The objective of this work was to determine antimicrobial activity from extracts and obtained fractions from<jats:italic>Piper marginatum<\/jats:italic>Jacq and<jats:italic>Ilex guayusa<\/jats:italic>Loes on<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>ATCC 33277,<jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25586, and<jats:italic>P. intermedia<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25611.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Total ethanol extracts were obtained from both plants. Fractions were obtained from total ethanol extracts with amberlite as a stationary phase employing hexane, acetone, and ethanol-water as solvents. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical characterization was performed on total ethanol extracts from both plants. Antimicrobial activity from total ethanol extracts and fractions from both plants were evaluated on<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>ATCC 33277,<jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25586, and<jats:italic>P. intermedia<\/jats:italic>ATCC by the well diffusion method with Wilkins\u2013Chalgren agar.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>Piper marginatum<\/jats:italic>Jacq total ethanol extract presented antimicrobial activity against all three bacteria, whereas<jats:italic>Ilex guayusa<\/jats:italic>Loes was only efficient against<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>ATCC 33277 and<jats:italic>P. intermedia<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25611, with inhibition halos from 9.3 to 30\u2009mm.<jats:italic>Ilex guayusa<\/jats:italic>Loes obtained fractions presented antimicrobial activity against all three microorganisms evaluated, with inhibition halos ranging from 9.7 to 18.7\u2009mm. In regards to<jats:italic>Piper marginatum<\/jats:italic>Jacq fractions, inhibition halos were between 8.3 and 19\u2009mm, against all three microorganisms evaluated; only hexane fraction did not present antimicrobial activity against<jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25586.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>.<jats:italic>Piper marginatum<\/jats:italic>Jacq and<jats:italic>Ilex guayusa<\/jats:italic>Loes total ethanol extracts and fractions presented outstanding antimicrobial activity against<jats:italic>P. gingivalis<\/jats:italic>ATCC 33277,<jats:italic>P. intermedia<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25611, and<jats:italic>F. nucleatum<\/jats:italic>ATCC 25586.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4147383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]],"date-time":"2018-09-25T23:31:49Z","timestamp":1537918309000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Antimicrobial Activity of<i>Piper marginatum<\/i>Jacq and<i>Ilex guayusa<\/i>Loes on 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