{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T08:36:19Z","timestamp":1792139779088,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545091200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGP-038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP-038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002383","name":"King Saud University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["150197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150197"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002383","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"King Faisal University","award":["RGP-038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP-038"]}]},{"name":"King Faisal University","award":["150197"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["150197"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Here, 210 healthy participants including community personnel (70), clinical students (68), and healthcare workers (HCWs) (72) from the eastern region of Saudi Arabia were studied. Sixty-three<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>isolates were obtained from the nares of 37% of the community personnel and 26% of the clinical students and HCWs. Methicillin-resistant<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>(MRSA) was found in 16% (10 isolates) of the 63 isolates; six were from HCWs. Molecular characterization revealed high clonal diversity among the isolates, with 19 different<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>types, 12 clonal complexes (CCs), and seven sequence types (STs) detected. The most common strain type was USA900, CC15, and t084, seen in 11 methicillin-susceptible<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>(MSSA) isolates. Moreover, three novel<jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic>types in six isolates and one novel ST in two isolates were identified, most from HCWs. Interestingly, 29 isolates were<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>A positive by PCR, whereas only 10 isolates were MRSA by disk diffusion (cefoxitin resistant). Of the 19 MSSA<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>A-positive isolates, 16 were PBP2a negative, leaving three unique isolates from HCWs that were<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic>A and PBP2a positive yet cefoxitin susceptible. Our findings highlight the importance of phenotypically and genotypically characterizing<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>strains isolated from healthy communities to monitor the risk of possible cross-transmission to hospitalized patients. The identified strains showed a clonal lineage relationship with previously reported<jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>and MRSA strains acquired from hospital settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4208762","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T23:31:00Z","timestamp":1545175860000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Complex Clonal Diversity of<i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i>Nasal Colonization among Community Personnel, Healthcare Workers, and Clinical Students in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2315-6801","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Taghrid S.","family":"El-Mahdy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Cairo, Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, 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