{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T17:58:03Z","timestamp":1790272683438,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]],"date-time":"2018-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531008000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Critical Care Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Deep and respiratory muscle disorders are commonly observed in critically ill patients. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative to mobilize and to exercise that does not require active patient participation and can be used on bedridden patients. <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. Evaluate the effectiveness of the NMES therapy in quadriceps versus diaphragm subjects in mechanical ventilation (MV). <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Sixty-seven subjects in MV were included, divided into 3 groups: (a) control group (CG, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>26<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), (b) stimulation of quadriceps (quadriceps group\u2013QG, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and (c) stimulation of diaphragm (diaphragm group\u2013DG, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>17<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The QG and DG patients received consecutive daily electrical stimulation sessions at specific points from the first day of randomization until ICU discharge. Respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, MV time, length of hospitalization, and functional independence score (the Functional Status Score-ICU) were recorded. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. There were studied <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>24<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> (QG), <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>17<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> (DG), and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>26<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> (CG) patients. Peripheral muscle strength improved significantly in the QG (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.030<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Functional independence at ICU discharge was significantly better in QG (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.013<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and the QG presented a better Barthel Index compared to DG and CG (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0049<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and also presented better FSS compared to CG (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Electrical stimulation of quadriceps had best outcomes for peripheral muscle strength compared with controls or electrical stimulation of diaphragm among mechanically ventilated critically ill subjects and promoted functional independence and decreased length of hospitalization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4298583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,8]],"date-time":"2018-07-08T19:32:11Z","timestamp":1531078331000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation of the Quadriceps and Diaphragm in Critically Ill Patients: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8953-2799","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcela Aparecida","family":"Leite","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit, Western Parana State University Hospital, Avenida Tancredo Neves 3224, Santo Onofre, 85806-470 Cascavel, PR, 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