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Twenty-seven strains were resistant to azithromycin and erythromycin, five showed intermediate azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility, and six showed azithromycin resistance and erythromycin susceptibility. Four<jats:italic>Campylobacter jejuni<\/jats:italic>and six<jats:italic>Campylobacter coli<\/jats:italic>strains had azithromycin MICs which were 8\u201316 and 2\u20138-fold greater than those of erythromycin, respectively. The A2075G mutation in the 23S rRNA gene was detected in 11 resistant strains with MICs ranging from 64 to \u2265 512<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/mL. Mutations including V137A, V137S, and a six-amino acid insertion (114-VAKKAP-115) in ribosomal protein L22 were detected in the<jats:italic>C. jejuni<\/jats:italic>strains. Erythromycin ribosome methylase B-<jats:italic>erm<\/jats:italic>(B) was not detected in any strain. All strains except three showed increased susceptibility to erythromycin with twofold to 256-fold MIC change in the presence of phenylalanine arginine \u00df-naphthylamide (PA\u00dfN); the effects of PA\u00dfN on azithromycin MICs were limited in comparison to those on erythromycin MICs, and 13 strains showed no azithromycin MIC change in the presence of PA\u00dfN. Differences between azithromycin and erythromycin resistance and macrolide resistance phenotypes and genotypes were observed even in highly resistant strains. Further studies are required to better understand macrolide resistance in<jats:italic>Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4526576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,5]],"date-time":"2018-07-05T23:34:48Z","timestamp":1530833688000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Molecular Basis of Macrolide Resistance in<i>Campylobacter<\/i>Strains Isolated from Poultry in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1169-2500","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bai","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Infectious Diseases and Avian Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine and Center for Poultry Diseases Control, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of 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