{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T07:42:11Z","timestamp":1788248531966,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection causes peptic ulcer, chronic gastritis, mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, and gastric carcinoma. It has several virulence factors such as cytotoxin-associated gene A(<jats:italic>cagA<\/jats:italic>) and the induced by contact with epithelium antigen (<jats:italic>iceA<\/jats:italic>). We aimed to explore the relationship between<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic> iceA<\/jats:italic> of<jats:italic> H. pylori<\/jats:italic> and gastrointestinal diseases. One hundred and eighteen patients who attended Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Unit at Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt, were included in this study. Two gastric biopsies were collected and evaluated by rapid urease test (RUT) and PCR.<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic> iceA<\/jats:italic> genes were amplified by PCR. We found that 54 patients (45.76%) were positive by both RUT and PCR.<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic> iceA<\/jats:italic> genes were present in 57.4% and 46.29% of the studied patients, respectively.<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> was the most prevalent gene in gastritis (33.3%) and peptic ulcer (68.7%).<jats:italic> iceA1\/iceA2<\/jats:italic> positive genes were the most prevalent in gastric cancer (75%).<jats:italic> iceA1<\/jats:italic> gene was present in 38.7% of<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> positive cases, but<jats:italic> iceA2<\/jats:italic> gene was present in 45.2% of<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> positive cases.<jats:italic> iceA1\/iceA2<\/jats:italic> positive genes were present in 29% of<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> positive cases. In conclusion,<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic> iceA<\/jats:italic> genes could be used as markers for severe gastrointestinal diseases.<jats:italic> iceA<\/jats:italic> gene was strongly related to<jats:italic> cagA<\/jats:italic> gene.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4809093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,5]],"date-time":"2018-04-05T20:43:51Z","timestamp":1522961031000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Prevalence of<i> Helicobacter pylori cagA<\/i> and<i> iceA<\/i> Genes and Their Association with Gastrointestinal Diseases"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Ashwak M. F.","family":"Abu-Taleb","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Randa S.","family":"Abdelattef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8339-1929","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amina A.","family":"Abdel-Hady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farida H.","family":"Omran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lobna A.","family":"El-korashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoda","family":"Abdel-aziz El-hady","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"El-Gebaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 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