{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T21:33:29Z","timestamp":1782164009642,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Increase in the number of ectopic pregnancy is attributed to increase in the incidence of pelvic infections. <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> is responsible for most of the sexually transmitted bacterial infections. If undetected and untreated, the infection can ascend to the upper genital tract and cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and related sequelae (ectopic pregnancy and tubal factor infertility). <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To determine the association between prior <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection and ectopic pregnancy at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital (MRRH). <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. This was an unmatched case-control study carried out at MRRH involving 25 cases and 76 controls. Serological evidence of prior chlamydial infection was determined by testing for the presence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> immunoglobulin G antibodies in their blood. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between prior <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection and also the factors associated with ectopic pregnancy. The significant level of &lt;0.05 was used. <jats:italic>Results. Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> antibodies were found in 60% of patients with ectopic pregnancy and 26.3% of the controls (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). The presence of <jats:italic>Chlamydia<\/jats:italic> antibodies was associated with a fourfold risk of ectopic pregnancy. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. There was a strong association between prior <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> infection and ectopic pregnancy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/4827353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T18:31:57Z","timestamp":1519929117000},"page":"1-5","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Association between Prior <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i> Infection and Ectopic Pregnancy at a Tertiary Care Hospital in South Western Uganda"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0112-4403","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Derrick Paul","family":"Mpiima","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Wasswa Salongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8177-8786","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Henry","family":"Lugobe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augustine","family":"Ssemujju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4777-368X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Olivier","family":"Mumbere Mulisya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Masinda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hillary","family":"Twizerimana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Ngonzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"1","first-page":"770","volume":"72","year":"1995","journal-title":"East African Medical Journal"},{"key":"2","first-page":"365","volume":"80","year":"2002","journal-title":"Bulletin of the World Health Organization"},{"key":"3","year":"2013"},{"key":"4","year":"2010"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.76.1.28"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/nmp.v55i1-2.49409"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000154512.86651.07"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh267"},{"key":"9","first-page":"461","volume":"16","year":"2016","journal-title":"European Journal of Scientific Research"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4236\/ojog.2015.52015"},{"issue":"1","key":"11","first-page":"35","volume":"18","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nigerian Journal of Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"12","first-page":"211","volume":"79","year":"1992","journal-title":"Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh399"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2005.12.023"}],"container-title":["Obstetrics and Gynecology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ogi\/2018\/4827353.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ogi\/2018\/4827353.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ogi\/2018\/4827353.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]],"date-time":"2018-03-01T18:31:57Z","timestamp":1519929117000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ogi\/2018\/4827353\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":14,"alternative-id":["4827353","4827353"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/4827353","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-9589","1687-9597"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-9589","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-9597","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}