{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T08:38:00Z","timestamp":1793090280101,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541635200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Pediatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. The study was undertaken to determine the etiology, review management, and outcome in children diagnosed with acute pericarditis during 11 years at tertiary pediatric institution.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Retrospective chart review of children diagnosed between 2004 and 2014. Patients with postsurgical pericardial effusions were excluded.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. Thirty-two children were identified (median age 10yr\/11mo). Pericardiocentesis was performed in 24\/32 (75%) patients. The most common cause of pericarditis was infection in 11\/32 (34%), followed by inflammatory disorders in 9 (28%). Purulent pericarditis occurred in 5 children including 4 due to<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>: 2 were methicillin resistant (MRSA). All patients with purulent pericarditis had concomitant infection including soft tissue, bone, or lung infection; all had pericardial drain placement and 2 required pericardiotomy and mediastinal exploration. Other infections were due to<jats:italic>Histoplasma capsulatum<\/jats:italic>(2),<jats:italic>Mycoplasma pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>(2), Influenza A (1), and Enterovirus (1). Pericarditis\/pericardial effusion was the initial presentation in 4 children with systemic lupus erythematosus including one who presented with tamponade and in 2 children who were diagnosed with systemic onset juvenile inflammatory arthritis. Tumors were diagnosed in 2 patients. Five children had recurrent pericarditis. Systemic antibiotics were used in 21\/32 (66%) and prednisone was used in 11\/32 (34%) patients.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Infections remain an important cause of pericarditis in children. Purulent pericarditis is most commonly caused by<jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>and is associated with significant morbidity, need of surgical intervention, and prolonged antibiotic therapy. Echocardiography-guided thoracocentesis remains the preferred diagnostic and therapeutic approach. However, pericardiotomy and drainage are needed when appropriate clinical response is not achieved with percutaneous drainage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5450697","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,8]],"date-time":"2018-11-08T23:33:16Z","timestamp":1541719996000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Infectious and Noninfectious Acute Pericarditis in Children: An 11-Year Experience"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6957-4756","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nahed","family":"Abdel-Haq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA"},{"name":"Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeinab","family":"Moussa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carman and Ann 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