{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:09:28Z","timestamp":1777349368996,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005283","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005283","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) comprises a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by impaired antibody production. Kidney involvement in CVID is described in isolated and sporadic case reports. The objective of this study was to study the renal function pattern in CVID patients through glomerular and tubular function tests.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. Study of 12 patients with CVID diagnosis and 12 healthy control individuals. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), fractional excretion of sodium (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">F<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">N<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">a<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>) and potassium (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">F<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">K<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>+<\/mml:mo><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msup><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:math>), urinary concentration, and acidification capacity were measured. In addition, microalbuminuria and urinary monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) were evaluated as markers of selectivity of the glomerular barrier and inflammation, respectively.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. In relation to glomerular markers, all CVID patients had normal GFR (&gt;90\u2009mL\/min\/1.73\u2009m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>), and microalbuminuria and urinary MCP-1 levels were also similar to those of controls. Interestingly, CVID patients had reduced urinary concentration capacity, as demonstrated by lower<jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic>\/<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math><jats:sub>Osm<\/jats:sub>ratio, when compared to controls. Also, while all control subjects achieved a urinary pH less than 5.3, no CVID patients showed a decrease in urinary pH to such levels in response to acid loading with CaCl<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, characterizing impaired urinary acidification capacity.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Patients showed a trend towards an elevated prevalence of tubular dysfunction, mainly related to urinary acidification and concentration capacities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5841031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T23:31:54Z","timestamp":1521156714000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Renal Evaluation in Common Variable Immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Giovany Gomes","family":"Capistrano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gdayllon Cavalcante","family":"Meneses","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernanda Macedo","family":"de Oliveira Neves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"de Almeida Leit\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Course, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8160-2027","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alice Maria Costa","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0409-6113","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alexandre Braga","family":"Lib\u00f3rio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Cear\u00e1, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil"},{"name":"Medical Course, Universidade de Fortaleza (UNIFOR), Fortaleza, CE, 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