{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T09:49:23Z","timestamp":1771667363432,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Adama Science and Technology University (ASTU)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Embelia schemperi<\/jats:italic> Vatke is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of intestinal tape worm, dysmenorrheal, bacterial, and fungal infections. Phytochemical screening test of the dichloromethane\/methanol (1\u2009:\u20091) and methanol extracts revealed the presence of phenols, alkaloids, tannins, and flavonoids whereas terpenoids, glycoside, and phytosterols were absent. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of the methanol extract afforded 3,5,7,3\u2032,4\u2032-pentahydroxyflavan, named epicatechin (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>), along with a close flavan derivative (<jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (1D and 2D NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis). The crude extracts and isolated compounds were screened for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> antibacterial activity against strains of <jats:italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Cryptococcus neoformans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Shigella dysentriae<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>. Epicatechin (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>) exhibited comparable antibacterial activity against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (15 and 12\u2009mm zone of inhibition, resp.) to that of the control antibiotic gentamicin, with zone of inhibition of 15 and 12\u2009mm, respectively, at a concentration of 20\u2009<jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g\/mL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5870161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T19:31:29Z","timestamp":1525116689000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Antibacterial Activity of Two Flavans from the Stem Bark of <i>Embelia schimperi<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Babe","family":"Guyasa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Chemistry Program, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2599-0517","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yadessa","family":"Melaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Chemistry Program, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5301-9923","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milkyas","family":"Endale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Applied Chemistry Program, School of Applied Natural Science, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O. Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/175983"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-015-0711-7"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2015.00274"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5897\/ajb07.613"},{"issue":"3","key":"5","first-page":"234","volume":"41","year":"1978","journal-title":"Lloydia"},{"issue":"3","key":"6","first-page":"20","volume":"1","year":"2008","journal-title":"International Journal Applied Research in Natural Products"},{"key":"7","first-page":"343","volume-title":"Phenols and phenolic glycosides","volume":"12","year":"1989"},{"key":"8","year":"1993"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-5-6"},{"issue":"4","key":"10","first-page":"429","volume":"22","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.5175"},{"key":"12","volume-title":"Phenolic compounds in food and their effect on health","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2018\/5870161.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2018\/5870161.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2018\/5870161.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,30]],"date-time":"2018-04-30T19:31:32Z","timestamp":1525116692000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2018\/5870161\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"references-count":12,"alternative-id":["5870161","5870161"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/5870161","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-6334","1687-6342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-6334","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-6342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018]]}}}