{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T18:38:22Z","timestamp":1779907102593,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1533081600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Control Science and Engineering"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A PID control for electric vehicles subject to input armature voltage and angular velocity signal constraints is proposed. A PID controller for a vehicle DC motor with a separately excited field winding considering the field current constant was tuned using controlled invariant set and multiparametric programming concepts to consider the physical motor constraints as angular velocity and input armature voltage. Additionally, the integral of the error, derivative of the error constraints, and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>\u03bb<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math> were considered in the proposed algorithm as tuning parameters to analyze the DC motor dynamic behaviors. The results showed that the proposed algorithm can be used to generate control actions taking into account the armature voltage and angular velocity limits. Also, results demonstrate that a controller subject to constraints can improve the electric vehicle DC motor dynamic; and at the same time it protects the motor from overvoltage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6259049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,1]],"date-time":"2018-08-01T19:39:06Z","timestamp":1533152346000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["PID Control for Electric Vehicles Subject to Control and Speed Signal Constraints"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0535-5022","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amanda Danielle O. da S.","family":"Dantas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Automation and Computing, CT, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, 59078-970 Natal, RN, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4172-3913","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andr\u00e9 Felipe O. de A.","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master of Engineering in Oil and Gas, Potiguar University, 59054-180 Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7141-3502","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Tiago L. 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