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The aim of the present study is to investigate hepatic\u2010protective effects of no\u2010sugar\u2010added fermented lemon juice (FLJ) for liver inflammation caused by carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) in rats. Rats are divided into six groups: H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>+ H<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O, CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>+ silymarin, and CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>plus three different FLJ doses by oral administration, respectively. The results show that the contents of plasma ALT and AST, hepatic lipid peroxidation, splenomegaly, and liver water are reduced significantly in rats under FLJ treatment, and pathological examination of liver fibrosis is improved. The reduced hepatic injury by increasing liver soluble protein and glutathione and albumin is observed in FLJ treated groups, and FLJ has comparable efficacies to medicine silymarin in liver therapies. The no\u2010sugar\u2010added FLJ differs from traditional fermentation by adding lots of sugar and prevents any hidden sugar intake while taking it as a complimentary treatment for liver inflammation. The green color and the taste of sourness are both associated with treating and healing the liver based on the five\u2010element theory in traditional Chinese medicine, and the green and sour FLJ may be applied to the ancient theory in preventing hepatic injury accordingly.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6546808","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,20]],"date-time":"2018-05-20T23:32:06Z","timestamp":1526859126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Fermented Citrus Lemon Reduces Liver Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8232-1497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi Jinn Lillian","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6247-9051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pei-Chi","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chang Lu","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeng-Fung","family":"Hung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7815-2686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang-Chang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3642-8047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaung-Geng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.25516"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2015.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-998-0258-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/133.6.1892"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X04002454"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109040"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","volume-title":"Dietary guidelines for Americans","author":"United States Department of Health and Human Services","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.004945"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nux061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(83)90787-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199000403-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2210-5-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.60604"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(76)90326-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/and.12176"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(79)90738-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)51149-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/125.2.195","article-title":"Activities of antioxidant enzymes in various tissues of male Fischer 344 rats are altered by food restriction","volume":"125","author":"Xia E.","year":"1995","journal-title":"The Journal of Nutrition"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(84)05016-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840100509"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1078\/1438-4639-00175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/43.8.1512"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880200701214995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","first-page":"703","volume-title":"Toxicology: Principles and Applications","author":"Vandenberghe J.","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","volume-title":"Pharmacotherapy: a pathophysiologic approach","author":"Gill M. 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