{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T20:13:45Z","timestamp":1790972025751,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]],"date-time":"2018-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530489600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Puge County"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Immunology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. To explore the association between infections with HIV and<jats:italic>Schistosoma japonicum<\/jats:italic>, and to determine the influences of the HIV-<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>coinfections on the immune system of Yi people.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A block design study was conducted in a Yi county in southwestern China, one of the endemic areas of both HIV\/AIDS and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>in China. All participants were screened for HIV antibodies and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>antibodies (SjAb) and were classified into four groups: HIV(+)\/<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>(\u2212), HIV(\u2212)\/<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>(+), HIV(+)\/<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>(+), and HIV(\u2212)\/<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>(\u2212).<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. There were significant differences among the four groups in both CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocytes and CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocytes, but no significant difference in CD3<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocytes. Both the CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts and the ratio of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>were lower in HIV-infected people compared with those uninfected. People infected with<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>had increased CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts but reduced CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts. Similarly, the ratio of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>was higher in<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>-infected people compared with those uninfected. People coinfected with HIV and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>had lower CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts, lower ratio of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and higher CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts compared with those infected with HIV only or<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>only. People infected with HIV only and those coinfected with HIV and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>had a higher level of IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>compared with people with no infection. There were no significant differences between people infected with HIV only and with<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>only in the levels of IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>and IL-10.<jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. People coinfected with HIV and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>might have a suppressed immune function because of a decrease in CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts, a lowered ratio of CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and an increase in CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>T lymphocyte counts. Coinfection with HIV and<jats:italic>S. japonicum<\/jats:italic>would alter the level of IFN-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>in plasma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/6989717","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,3]],"date-time":"2018-07-03T00:55:01Z","timestamp":1530579301000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Immune Dysfunction and Coinfection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus and<i>Schistosoma japonicum<\/i>in Yi People"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, 138 Yi Xue Yuan Road, Shanghai 200032, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China"},{"name":"Center for Tropical Disease Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, 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