{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T18:37:17Z","timestamp":1761676637906,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1519776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":58,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["03EK3567B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["03EK3567B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Smart grids evolve rapidly towards a system that includes components from different domains, which makes interdisciplinary modelling and analysis indispensable. In this paper, we present a cosimulation architecture for smart grids together with a comprehensive data model for the holistic representation of the power system, the communication network, and the energy market. Cosimulation is preferred over a monolithic approach since it allows leveraging the capabilities of existing, well\u2010established domain\u2010specific software. The challenges that arise in a multidomain smart grid cosimulation are identified for typical use cases through a discussion of the recent literature. Based on the identified requirements and use cases, a joint representation of the smart grid ecosystem is facilitated by a comprehensive data model. The proposed data model is then integrated in a software architecture, where the domain\u2010specific simulators for the power grid, the communication network, and the market mechanisms are combined in a cosimulation framework. The details of the software architecture and its implementation are presented. Finally, the implemented framework is used for the cosimulation of a virtual power plant, where battery storages are controlled by a novel peak\u2010shaving algorithm, and the battery storages and the market entity are interfaced through a communication network.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7154031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]],"date-time":"2018-02-28T23:42:37Z","timestamp":1519861357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["A Cosimulation Architecture for Power System, Communication, and Market in the Smart Grid"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3209-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Mirz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0820-2489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lukas","family":"Razik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4996-0697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Dinkelbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6976-4197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Halil Alper","family":"Tokel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2182-1671","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gholamreza","family":"Alirezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Mathar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1914-9801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonello","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2338740"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2015.0401"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ExelL. FelgnerF. andFreyG. Multi-domain modeling of distributed energy systems-The MOCES approach Smart Grid Communications (SmartGridComm) IEEE International Conference November 2015 USA 774\u2013779 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SmartGridComm.2015.7436395 2-s2.0-84964931781.","DOI":"10.1109\/SmartGridComm.2015.7436395"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-25215-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","unstructured":"CEN-CENELEC-ETSI Smart Grid Coordination Group Smart grid reference architecture (Accessed on 03.01.02018). [Online]. Available:https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/energy\/sites\/ener\/files\/documents\/xpert_group1_reference_architecture.pdf Nov. 2012."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Use of Common Information Model (CIM) in electricity market at California ISO","author":"Haq E.","year":"2011","journal-title":"in Power and Energy Society General Meeting, IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"FremontJ. LambertE. BouquetC. CarreO. IlhatD. andMetayerP. CIM extensions for ERDF information system projects Power & Energy Society General Meeting PES\u201909. IEEE July 2009 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/PES.2009.5275789 2-s2.0-71849102606.","DOI":"10.1109\/PES.2009.5275789"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRS.2006.873129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPWRD.2011.2160879"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSG.2012.2191805"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"KetterW. CollinsJ. andReddyP. Power TAC: A competitive economic simulation of the smart grid [Online] Available:http:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0140988313000959 vol. 39 pp. 262\u2013270 2013.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eneco.2013.04.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"SchloeglF. RohjansS. LehnhoffS. VelasquezJ. SteinbrinkC. andPalenskyP. Towards a classification scheme for co-simulation approaches in energy systems Smart Electric Distribution Systems and Technologies (EDST) International Symposium on IEEE September 2015 516\u2013521 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SEDST.2015.7315262 2-s2.0-84964515499.","DOI":"10.1109\/SEDST.2015.7315262"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2014.2334058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"A multi-level approach to power system Modelica models","author":"Mirz M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"in Control and Modeling for Power Electronics (COMPEL), 2016 IEEE 17th Workshop on IEEE"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-12331-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4614-3226-5"},{"volume-title":"Theory of modeling and simulation: integrating discrete event and continuous complex dynamic systems","year":"2000","author":"Zeigler B. P.","key":"e_1_2_10_17_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"TokelH. A. AlirezaeiG. andMatharR. Integrated network design for measurement and communication infrastructures in smart grids Proceedings of the 26th International Telecommunication Networks and Applications Conference ITNAC 2016 December 2016 Dunedin New Zealand 258\u2013264 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/ATNAC.2016.7878819 2-s2.0-85017220892.","DOI":"10.1109\/ATNAC.2016.7878819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00450-017-0350-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00fctteS. ScherfkeS. andTr\u00f6schelM. Mosaik: A framework for modular simulation of active components in Smart Grids Proceedings of the IEEE 1st International Workshop on Smart Grid Modeling and Simulation SGMS 2011 October 2011 55\u201360 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/SGMS.2011.6089027 2-s2.0-84155173497.","DOI":"10.1109\/SGMS.2011.6089027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/auto-2014-108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"VogelS. MirzM. RazikL. andMontiA. An open solution for next-generation real-time power system simulation Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Energy Internet and Energy System Integration (EI2) Nov 2017 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/EI2.2017.8245739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2016.1576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","unstructured":"(Accessed 2016-08-18) mosaik documentation \u2013release 2.3.0. [Online]. Available:https:\/\/media.readthedocs.org\/pdf\/mosaik\/latest\/mosaik.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","unstructured":"(Accessed 2016-08-18) Simpy documentation \u2013release 3.0.9. [Online]. Available:https:\/\/media.readthedocs.org\/pdf\/simpy\/latest\/simpy.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sch\u00fctteS. ScherfkeS. andSonnenscheinM. Mosaik - Smart grid simulation API: Toward a semantic based standard for interchanging smart grid simulations Proceedings of SMARTGREENS April 2012 14\u201324 2-s2.0-84864868792.","DOI":"10.5220\/0003950100140024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apenergy.2007.04.006"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2018\/7154031.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2018\/7154031.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2018\/7154031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T04:28:03Z","timestamp":1751430483000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2018\/7154031"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2018\/7154031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/7154031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1076-2787"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-0526"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-11-24","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-01-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2018-02-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"7154031"}}