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Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) have immunosuppressive properties that have been suggested as a treatment for inflammatory diseases. Therefore, the aim herein was to examine effects of allogeneic MSC on endometriosis-derived cells<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>as a potential therapy for endometriosis. MSC from allogeneic adipose tissue (Ad-MSC) and stromal cells from endometrium (ESC<jats:sub>endo<\/jats:sub>) and endometriotic ovarian cysts (ESC<jats:sub>cyst<\/jats:sub>) from women with endometriosis were isolated. The effects of Ad-MSC on ESC<jats:sub>endo<\/jats:sub>and ESC<jats:sub>cyst<\/jats:sub>were investigated using<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>proliferation, apoptosis, adhesion, tube formation, migration, and invasion assays. Ad-MSC significantly increased proliferation of ESC compared to untreated controls. Moreover, Ad-MSC significantly decreased apoptosis and increased survival of ESC. Ad-MSC significantly increased adhesion of ESC<jats:sub>endo<\/jats:sub>and not ESC<jats:sub>cyst<\/jats:sub>on fibronectin. Conditioned medium from cocultures of Ad-MSC and ESC significantly increased tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells on matrigel. Ad-MSC may significantly increase migration of ESC<jats:sub>cyst<\/jats:sub>and did not increase invasion of both cell types. The data suggest that allogeneic Ad-MSC should not be considered as a potential therapy for endometriosis, because they may support the pathology by maintaining and increasing growth of ectopic endometrial tissue.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7318513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,28]],"date-time":"2018-01-28T18:31:37Z","timestamp":1517164297000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Support Endometriotic Stromal Cells<i>In Vitro<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6329-1915","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fawaz","family":"Abomaray","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Centre for Hematology and Regenerative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 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