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Monomers and small oligomers of amyloid beta (A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) peptide, players in Alzheimer\u2019s disease, are recently suggested to be involved in damaging of neurons, instead of extracellular A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> plaques. We demonstrate that externally applied disaggregated A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>1\u201342<\/jats:sub> peptide interacts preferentially with acidic compartments (lysosomes). We compared standard cell cultivation (21% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) to more physiological cell cultivation (5% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>). Cells did not exhibit a dramatic increase in ROS and change in glutathione level upon 4\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> peptide treatment, whereas exposure to 2\u2009Gy X\u2010rays increased ROS and changed glutathione level and ATP concentration. The occurrence of the 4977\u2009bp deletion in mtDNA and significant protein carbonylation were specific effects of IR and more pronounced at 21% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. An increase in cell death after A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> peptide treatment or irradiation was unexpectedly restored to the control level or below when both were combined, particularly at 5% O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>. Therefore, A<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> peptide at low concentration can trigger neuroprotective mechanisms in cells exposed to radiation. Oxygen concentration is an important modulator of cellular responses to stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7567959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]],"date-time":"2018-01-11T23:38:16Z","timestamp":1515713896000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Oxygen Concentration and Oxidative Stress Modulate the Influence of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease A<i>\u03b2<\/i><sub>1\u201342<\/sub> Peptide on Human Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4504-2012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamara","family":"D\u017eini\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norbert A.","family":"Dencher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00317-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410340416"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2011.08.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2013.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"146","article-title":"\u00dcber eine eigenartige Erkrankung der Hirnrinde","volume":"64","author":"Alzheimer A.","year":"1907","journal-title":"Allgemeine Zeitschrift f\u00fcr Psychiatrie und Psychisch-gerichtliche Medizin"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-2010-100339"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2010\/621870"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0909142"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64700-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2012.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbamem.2010.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/bi035056v"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.22.10573"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0806192105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4061\/2011\/925050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2009.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2014.07.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/2047-9158-1-19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1421182112"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2011.03.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13813455.2016.1218518"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.7412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.febslet.2004.06.078"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrfmmm.2011.07.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2006.374"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00406-012-0309-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13506129709003835"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-62703-739-6_31"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(96)64038-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2350-12-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08576"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-009-9254-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.62.070193.004053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-61779-077-5_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","first-page":"2643","article-title":"Morphology and growth, tumorigenicity, and cytogenetics of human neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture","volume":"33","author":"Biedler J. 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