{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T20:43:17Z","timestamp":1740170597471,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1530144000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Cargico Group"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Our study investigated the effectiveness of bacteria-killing nanotechnology Bio-Kil socks on bacterial burden reduction in diabetic patients and healthy individuals. Four strains of <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and four strains of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> were cultured and dropped on Bio-Kil socks and control socks for 0\u2009h, 8\u2009h, and 48\u2009h of incubation. Diluted samples were inoculated and bacterial counts were recorded. Additionally, 31 patients with type 2 diabetes and 31 healthy controls were assigned to wear one Bio-Kil sock on one foot and a control sock on the other for four hours, and then they were told to exchange socks from one foot to the other for four hours. The socks were sampled and diluted and then inoculated to record bacterial counts. Bacterial counts were reduced in Bio-Kil socks compared with control socks in all <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> strains after 0\u2009h, 8\u2009h, and 48\u2009h of incubation. In <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> strains, bacterial counts declined in Bio-Kil socks comparing with control socks in most of the experiments with ESBL-negative <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> and ATCC35218 at 0\u2009h and 48\u2009h of incubation. In all participants, the mean bacterial counts significantly decreased in Bio-Kil socks in comparison with control socks both at 0\u2009h and at 40\u2009h of incubation (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.003<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> at 0\u2009h and <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.006<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> at 40\u2009h). Bio-Kil socks from diabetic patients showed significantly lessened bacterial count at 40\u2009h of incubation (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.003<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). In healthy individuals, Bio-Kil socks reflected a significantly smaller mean bacterial count than control socks (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.016<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Socks using Bio-Kil nanotechnology efficiently reduce bacterial counts in both diabetic patients and healthy individuals and might exert stronger efficacy in Gram-positive bacteria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/7678310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T19:42:41Z","timestamp":1530214961000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Insoles Treated with Bacteria-Killing Nanotechnology Bio-Kil Reduce Bacterial Burden in Diabetic Patients and Healthy Controls"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3953-8900","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Difei","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5588-0995","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8574-1945","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Junqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2005.01640.x"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2697"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2009.02799.x"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0996"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411916671544"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2011.730"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-013-1989-3"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2696"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/153473460200100305"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.8.2001"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.12.9.653"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.10.1376"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2016.04.008"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2700"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.2699"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1469-0691.12375"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc08-1010"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02212-2"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12501"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-006-0491-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Diabetes Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jdr\/2018\/7678310.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jdr\/2018\/7678310.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/jdr\/2018\/7678310.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]],"date-time":"2018-06-28T19:42:45Z","timestamp":1530214965000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/jdr\/2018\/7678310\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["7678310","7678310"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/7678310","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6745","2314-6753"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2314-6745"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2314-6753"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,28]]}}}