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The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical characteristics of patients with EPS and to search for possible factors useful for EPS prevention and early diagnosis.<jats:italic>Method.<\/jats:italic>This retrospective study was performed in a single dialysis center in Taiwan between August 1990 and April 2014. Overall, a total of 565 patients were included and the medical records of those patients who had developed EPS (EPS group) and those who had not developed EPS (control group) were collected. We compared several factors between these two groups.<jats:italic>Result.<\/jats:italic>In the univariate analysis, EPS was significantly associated with a change of transport state (Delta 2) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.007), duration of PD (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>&lt; 0.001), duration of peritonitis treatment (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.001), number of peritonitis episodes (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.002), and fungus related peritonitis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.031). After multivariate logistic model analysis, we found that only the duration of PD was independently significantly associated with EPS (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>= 0.034). In addition, we used the ROC curve and found that a duration of peritoneal dialysis of about 8.4 years is the best cut-off point to predict EPS occurrence.<jats:italic>Conclusion.<\/jats:italic>In this study, long-termed PD duration is the only strong independent risk factor for EPS development. Total peritonitis times, total peritonitis treatment duration, and marked increased peritoneal D\/<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">c<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">r<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>ratio were also significantly associated with the duration of PD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8250589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,13]],"date-time":"2018-11-13T23:46:07Z","timestamp":1542152767000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Encapsulating Peritoneal Sclerosis in Long-Termed Peritoneal Dialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Heng-Jung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan"},{"name":"College of 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