{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T20:30:09Z","timestamp":1740169809038,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003621","name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2015R1A5A2008833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2015R1A5A2008833"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002583","name":"Gyeongsang National University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2015R1A5A2008833"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2015R1A5A2008833"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002583","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The mechanisms by which hypoglycemia increases cardiovascular mortality remain unclear. The aim of the study is to investigate changes in serum electrolytes, norepinephrine concentrations, electrocardiography, and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) and associations between corrected QT (QTc) intervals and the changes in serum electrolytes during combined pituitary stimulation test (CPST). We recruited the subjects who were admitted to the Gyeongsang National University Hospital to undergo CPST between September 2013 and December 2014. Participants were 12 patients suspected of having hypopituitarism. Among 12 patients, cardiac arrhythmia in two patients occurred during hypoglycemia. There were significant differences in serum levels of potassium (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), sodium (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.003<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), chloride (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and calcium (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.017<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) at baseline, hypoglycemia, and 30 and 120 minutes after hypoglycemia. Also, there was a significant increase in heart rate (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.004<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), corrected QT (QTc) interval (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.008<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), QRS duration (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.021<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and BRS (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.005<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) at hypoglycemia, compared to other time points during CPST. There was a positive association between QTc intervals and serum sodium levels (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle=\"italic\">0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) in 10 patients who did not develop arrhythmia during CPST. This study showed that there were significant changes in serum levels of potassium, sodium, chloride, and calcium, as well as heart rate, QTc interval, QRSd, and BRS during CPST. It was revealed that QTc intervals had a significant association with concentrations of sodium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8692078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T19:32:13Z","timestamp":1525894333000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Changes in Serum Electrolytes, ECG, and Baroreflex Sensitivity during Combined Pituitary Stimulation Test"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8858-1932","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Sungsu","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, ISAM Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Choong Hwan","family":"Kwak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaehoon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jong Ha","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung Hwa","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ki-Jong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyongyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Changwon Hospital, Changwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo Kyoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dawon","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4785-7119","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jong Ryeal","family":"Hahm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine and Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199306103282306"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)07019-6"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802987"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2545","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0802743","volume":"358","year":"2008","journal-title":"The New England Journal of Medicine"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0808431"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)60697-8"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d6898"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP09260.CR"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1204942"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejmoa1302564"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2011.08.008"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1814","DOI":"10.2337\/dc12-0749","volume":"35","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht332"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2009.0153"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.84.3.1136"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1975.sp011133"},{"issue":"5","key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E421","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.1980.238.5.E421","volume":"238","year":"1980","journal-title":"American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.1980.tb10868.x"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm198312083092303"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diab.31.7.615"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-43-1-173"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI107501"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-011-2210-9"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110802"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90336-0"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(75)92195-9"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinternmed.2010.98"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1553"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.cj-09-0960"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/14737159.6.3.365"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1211\/0022357001773571"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/pcad.2003.00101"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2008.01085.x"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.8.6.801"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4160-3774-3.X1000-3"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y89-079"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(85)90016-2"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(00)00455-1"}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2018\/8692078.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2018\/8692078.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2018\/8692078.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,31]],"date-time":"2018-07-31T19:46:56Z","timestamp":1533066416000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2018\/8692078\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["8692078","8692078"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/8692078","relation":{},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2314-6133"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2314-6141"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]}}}