{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T20:21:44Z","timestamp":1775247704235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,1]],"date-time":"2018-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1514764800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chest ultrasonography (CU) is a noninvasive imaging technique able to provide an immediate diagnosis of the underlying aetiology of acute respiratory failure and traumatic chest injuries. Given the great technologies, it is now possible to perform accurate CU in remote and adverse environments including the combat field, extreme sport settings, and environmental disasters, as well as during space missions. Today, the usage of CU in the extreme emergency setting is more likely to occur, as this technique proved to be a fast diagnostic tool to assist resuscitation manoeuvres and interventional procedures in many cases. A scientific literature review is presented here. This was based on a systematic search of published literature, on the following online databases: PubMed and Scopus. The following words were used: \u201cchest sonography,\u201d \u201c thoracic ultrasound,\u201d and \u201clung sonography,\u201d in different combinations with \u201cextreme sport,\u201d \u201cextreme environment,\u201d \u201cwilderness,\u201d \u201ccatastrophe,\u201d and \u201cextreme conditions.\u201d This manuscript reports the most relevant usages of CU in the extreme setting as well as technological improvements and current limitations. CU application in the extreme setting is further encouraged here.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8739704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,15]],"date-time":"2018-03-15T19:32:35Z","timestamp":1521142355000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Chest Ultrasonography in Modern Day Extreme Settings: From Military Setting and Natural Disasters to Space Flights and Extreme Sports"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3621-3871","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Francesco","family":"Feletti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diagnostic Imaging, AUSL Romagna, S. 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