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Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Until now, there have been no objective criteria to determine the activity of chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA). This study aims to analyze the correlation between serum level of IL-1B and the activity of CPA and to determine whether serum IL-1B could be used to assess the activity of CPA. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 469 newly diagnosed CPA patients were enrolled. Correlation analysis in the whole subjects showed that only IL-1B level was associated with the activity of CPA. Then, 381 cases with factors significantly affecting IL-1B expression was excluded through multiple linear regression; the remaining 88 patients were divided into high IL-1B group and low IL-1B group, according to the median value of serum IL-1B, for subgroup analysis. A retrospective comparative analysis was subsequently performed between the two groups, including the clinical manifestation, microbiology and laboratory tests results, and imaging findings. We further investigated the relationship between IL-1B levels and CT characteristic which acted as the indicator of CPA activity, as well as changes in IL-1B level before and after surgery. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. For all patients, correlation analysis revealed that IL-1B level correlated with both cavitary diameter (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.035<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and aspergilloma size (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&lt;0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.047<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) but not with the thickness of the cavity (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.479<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). In subgroup comparative analysis, CT characteristics suggested that high activity of CPA, such as cavitary (27\/44 vs 13\/44, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.003<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and aspergilloma lesions (25\/44 vs. 11\/44, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&lt;0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.002<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), were more frequently found in high IL-1B group. The cavity diameter (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">&lt;0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.001<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), aspergilloma size (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.006<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and cavity wall thickness (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">0<\/mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">.023<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) were significantly different between the two groups. When Spearman correlation analysis was performed once again in subgroup, an even stronger relationship of serum IL-1B with the cavity diameter (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.501<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.002<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and aspergilloma size (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>R<\/mml:mi><mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.615<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) was observed. Interestingly, a significant reduction of IL-1B level was observed after successful resection of CPA lesions. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Higher level of serum IL-1B is associated with more severe cavitary and aspergilloma lesions, which are indicative of more active CPA. In addition, IL-1B level reduced accordingly after lesion resection. Measuring IL-1B level therefore could be served as a convenient method to monitor the activity of CPA and be a potential predictive\/prognostic marker for treatment response.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8740491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,27]],"date-time":"2018-09-27T19:45:56Z","timestamp":1538077556000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Serum Level of IL-1B Correlates with the Activity of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Mengling","family":"Zhan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benyong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liyun","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200433, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiuhong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji 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