{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:48:59Z","timestamp":1787017739031,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1544054400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Green Cross Wellbeing"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Backgrounds<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Recent studies suggest that diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with intestinal bacterial microflora, colonic inflammation, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a multistrain probiotic intake on these associated factors in patients with diarrhea-predominant IBS.\n                    <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The recruited volunteers were adults who were diagnosed with diarrhea-predominant IBS according to the Rome III criteria. After 8 weeks of probiotic ingestion, changes in gastrointestinal symptoms, fecal microbiome, SIBO, and fecal calprotectin were determined.\n                    <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>\n                    . There was an increase in beneficial bacteria (41.2\u2009\u00b1\u200916.8% vs. 53.7\u2009\u00b1\u200915.3%,\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\">\n                      <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn>0.018<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ) and a decrease in harmful bacteria (13.0\u2009\u00b1\u200913.9% vs. 4.7\u2009\u00b1\u20094.0%,\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\">\n                      <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn>0.010<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ) in the microbial stool analysis. The SIBO prevalence also decreased at the end of treatment. However, the average levels of fecal calprotectin showed a decreasing tendency, without reaching statistical significance (364.4\u2009\u00b1\u2009729.1\u2009mg\/kg vs. 200.9\u2009\u00b1\u2009347.6\u2009mg\/kg,\n                    <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\">\n                      <mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi>\n                      <mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo>\n                      <mml:mn>0.375<\/mml:mn>\n                    <\/mml:math>\n                    ).\n                    <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Treatment with a multistrain probiotic for 8 weeks led to significant increases in beneficial bacteria in the gut as well as the improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms. This study is registered at the Clinical Research Information Service (\n                    <jats:ext-link xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"https:\/\/cris.nih.go.kr\/cris\/en\/search\/search_result_st01.jsp?seq=11433\">KCT0002906<\/jats:ext-link>\n                    ).\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8791916","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T18:37:05Z","timestamp":1544121425000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Therapeutic Effect of a Multistrain Probiotic on Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Seok-Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nam-Seok","family":"Joo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwang-Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1213-5004","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Kyu-Nam","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Practice and Community Health, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/AITC201706060"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.0954"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15386\/cjmed-303"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2016.07.025"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20986"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000336174"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.4.349"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.13037"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3164\/jcbn.15-14"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2005.11.061"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2006.108712"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12937-016-0140-6"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0b013e31823712b1"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-015-0545-8"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13073-016-0300-5"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MCG.0000000000000814"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/acb.2009.009061"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2009.205476"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2017.46"}],"container-title":["Gastroenterology Research and Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2018\/8791916.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2018\/8791916.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2018\/8791916.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]],"date-time":"2018-12-06T18:37:08Z","timestamp":1544121428000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/grp\/2018\/8791916\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]},"references-count":19,"alternative-id":["8791916","8791916"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2018\/8791916","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-6121","1687-630X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-6121","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-630X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,6]]}}}