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We previously showed that the synbiotic Gut Working Tablet (GWT) alleviates experimental colitis. Here we show that GWT is capable of ameliorating jejunoileal mucosal injury, which is frequently seen with IBD. We created experimental jejunoileal mucositis in rats by injection of methotrexate (MTX) which increases intestinal permeability, a hallmark finding of IBD. Administering GWT to MTX-injected rats restored intestinal integrity by reversing villi shortening, crypt loss, and goblet cell depletion in the mucosa. Also GWT reduced activities of myeloperoxidase and lipid peroxidase and increased superoxide dismutase activity, which is critical for maintaining intestinal function. We further found that GWT suppressed mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>(TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>) and interleukin-12 (IL-12) in macrophage and reduced TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>mRNA expression in specimens with experimental colitis, which is in contrast to VSL#3 that enhanced TNF-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>production. Together, the current and previous animal studies clearly demonstrate the protective role of GWT in chemically induced enterocolitis. Crohn\u2019s disease, a well-known IBD, can affect any portion of the intestine, and these results suggest that GWT may be useful as a novel therapeutic or maintenance therapy for IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9184093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,10]],"date-time":"2018-05-10T23:31:46Z","timestamp":1525995106000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["A Synbiotic with Tumor Necrosis Factor-<i>\u03b1<\/i>Inhibitory Activity Ameliorates Experimental Jejunoileal Mucosal Injury"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2018","author":[{"given":"Ryoki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"General Medicine and Community Health Science of the Sasayama Medical Center, Hyogo College of Medicine, Sasayama, Hyogo 669-2300, Japan"},{"name":"Sagami Research Laboratory, Kanagawa 252-0231, 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