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Dysregulation of zinc metabolism may induce a variety of diseases, e.g., diabetes. Zinc participates in insulin synthesis, storage, and secretion by functioning as a \u201ccellular second messenger\u201d in the insulin signaling pathway and glucose homeostasis. The highest zinc concentration is in the pancreas islets. Zinc accumulation in cell granules is manipulated by ZnT8, a zinc transporter expressed predominately in pancreatic <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> cells. A common ZnT8 gene (<jats:italic>SLC30A8<\/jats:italic>) polymorphism increases the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and rare mutations may present protective effects. In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), autoantibodies show specificity for binding two variants of ZnT8 (R or W at amino acid 325) dictated by a polymorphism in <jats:italic>SLC30A8<\/jats:italic>. In this review, we summarize the structure, feature, functions, and polymorphisms of ZnT8 along with its association with diabetes and explore future study directions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1524905","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,26]],"date-time":"2019-02-26T18:30:51Z","timestamp":1551205851000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Genetic, Functional, and Immunological Study of ZnT8 in Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Qiong","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South 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