{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T23:22:29Z","timestamp":1782861749481,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011512","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["93577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011512","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011512","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["93577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011512","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011512","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["93577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001322","name":"South African Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007112","name":"University of Cape Town","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["93577"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["93577"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007112","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007112","name":"University of Cape Town","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["111801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["111801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007112","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Obesity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although cross-sectional studies have shown that obesity is associated with lower concentrations of large high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subclasses, it is unknown if changes in HDL subclasses are related to changes in body fat and its distribution over time. We therefore assessed changes in HDL subclass distribution over a 5.5-year free-living follow-up period in 24 black South African women. At baseline and follow-up, body composition and body fat distribution were measured using anthropometry, dual X-ray absorptiometry, and computerized tomography. HDL subclass distribution was quantified using Lipoprint\u00ae. Over the 5.5-year follow-up period, body fat (+17.3\u2009\u00b1\u20094.5\u2009kg,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and trunk fat mass (+7.4\u2009\u00b1\u20091.9%, % fat mass, FM,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) increased, while leg fat mass (\u22122.53\u2009\u00b1\u20090.56%, % FM,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and the distribution of large (\u22126.43\u2009\u00b1\u20092.12%,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) HDL subclasses decreased. A percentage decrease in large HDL subclasses was associated with a percentage increase in central fat mass (visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area,<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and a percentage decrease in peripheral fat mass (leg fat mass). These preliminary findings suggest that a relative redistribution of body fat from the periphery to the abdominal region were associated with a decrease HDL subclass size in black South African women and provide a novel link between body fat distribution and lipidology in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2107178","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T23:32:18Z","timestamp":1549236738000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["HDL Subclass Distribution Shifts with Increasing Central Adiposity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6089-7097","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicholas J.","family":"Woudberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sandrine","family":"Lecour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6795-4771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Julia H.","family":"Goedecke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Parow Valley, Cape Town, South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South 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