{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T18:00:07Z","timestamp":1788890407463,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557792000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the common causes or female infertility.<jats:italic>Phyllanthus muellerianus<\/jats:italic>(Euphorbiaceae) is a plant used to treat various ailments including frequent menstruation and anovulation. We investigated the effects of<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>extracts on estrus cyclicity, lipid profile, oxidative stress-related markers, sex hormones, and ovarian architecture in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats. After induction of PCOS using letrozole (1\u2009mg\/kg\/day), normal (n=6), and PCOS (n=108; distributed into 18 groups of 6 animals\/group) rats were treated orally for 7 or 14 days with distilled water (10\u2009ml\/kg\/day), clomiphene citrate (2\u2009mg\/kg\/day), metformin (500\u2009mg\/kg\/day), and aqueous or methanolic extract of<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>(30, 60, and 120\u2009mg\/kg). Estrus cyclicity, body, and sexual organ (ovaries and uterus) weights, biochemical and histological parameters were measured. There were letrozole-induced PCOS characterized by irregular estrus cyclicity, elevated (p&lt;0.05-0.01) glycaemia, ovarian weight, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, malondialdehyde, luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone concentrations, but there were low (p&lt;0.05-0.001) HDL cholesterol, estradiol, progesterone, catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase levels, compared with control. PCOS rats had multiple cysts compared with control. These reproductive, biochemical, and structural alterations were alleviated by<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>extracts. For instance,<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>restored the estrus cyclicity with a remarkable effect after 14 days of treatment. Moreover,<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>significantly decreased (p&lt;0.001) LH and testosterone (both extracts; 30, 60, and 120\u2009mg\/kg) levels, but increased (p&lt;0.01) estradiol (aqueous extract; 60\u2009mg\/kg) concentration. Cystic follicles were also decreased after plant application.<jats:italic>P. muellerianus<\/jats:italic>alleviated reproductive, hormonal, and structural alterations in PCOS rats. This plant could be useful in the management\/treatment of reproductive and metabolic disorders related to PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/2965821","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,14]],"date-time":"2019-05-14T23:51:07Z","timestamp":1557877867000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["<i>Phyllanthus muellerianus<\/i>(Euphorbiaceae) Restores Ovarian Functions in Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5513-9577","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Eveline Christiane","family":"Ndeingang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology Laboratory, University of Dschang, P.O. 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