{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T23:49:28Z","timestamp":1792021768086,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572739200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["8180150888"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["8180150888"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. Kang-bai-ling (KBL), a Chinese patent medicine, has been demonstrated as an effective therapy for vitiligo in China. However, the pharmacological mechanisms of KBL have not been completely elucidated.<jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. In this study, the potential multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway mechanism of KBL against vitiligo was clarified by using network pharmacology-based strategy. In brief, potential targets of KBL were collected based on TCMSP databases, followed by network establishment concerning the interactions of potential targets of KBL with well-known therapeutic targets of vitiligo by using protein-protein interaction (PPI) data. As a result, key nodes with higher level of seven topological parameters, including \u201cdegree centrality (DC),\u201d \u201cbetweenness centrality (BC),\u201d \u201ccloseness centrality (CC),\u201d \u201ceigenvector centrality (EC),\u201d \u201cnetwork centrality (NC),\u201d and \u201clocal average connectivity (LAC)\u201d were identified as the main targets in the network, followed by subsequent incorporation into the ClueGO for GO and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis.<jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. In accordance with the topological importance, a total of 23 potential targets of KBL on vitiligo were identified as main hubs. Additionally, enrichment analysis suggested that targets of KBL on vitiligo were mainly clustered into multiple biological processes (associated with DNA translation, lymphocyte differentiation and activation, steroid biosynthesis, autoimmune and systemic inflammatory reaction, neuron apoptosis, and vitamin deficiency) and related pathways (TNF, JAK-STAT, ILs, TLRs, prolactin, and NF-<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>B), indicating the underlying mechanisms of KBL on vitiligo.<jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. In this work, we successfully illuminated the \u201cmulticompounds, multitargets\u201d therapeutic action of KBL on vitiligo by using network pharmacology. Moreover, our present outcomes might shed light on the further clinical application of KBL on vitiligo treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3053458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,3]],"date-time":"2019-11-03T23:32:15Z","timestamp":1572823935000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["A Network Pharmacology Approach to Uncover the Molecular Mechanisms of Herbal Formula Kang-Bai-Ling for Treatment of Vitiligo"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Manyuan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, The Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People\u2019s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huaian 223300, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxin","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, 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