{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T17:01:41Z","timestamp":1749834101342,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1559433600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Introduction<\/jats:italic>. Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disease of unknown aetiology, commonly involving the lungs. \u202fCough is a frequent and troublesome symptom of sarcoidosis that reduces patients\u2019 quality of life. <jats:italic>Aim<\/jats:italic>. Retrospective analysis of different factors\u2014smoking history, Scadding stage, results of lung function testing, calcium metabolism, endobronchial finding, CD4+\/CD8+ T-cell ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and other sarcoidosis symptoms in relationship to presence\/absence of cough in sarcoidosis patients. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. We retrospectively studied sarcoidosis patients diagnosed at the Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology of Martin University Hospital between 1998 and 2018. Patients with a history of cough-relevant comorbidities were excluded from the study. GraphPad Prism 7.0 software was used to perform statistical analysis. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. 101 sarcoidosis patients were included to the study: 65 patients reporting from cough and 36 without cough. The cough was slightly more frequent in nonsmokers (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.166<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and in women (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.688<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Cough was associated with dyspnoea (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0007<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), fever (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0324<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and chest pain (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0206<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and did not associate with arthralgia (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.317<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and erythema nodosum (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.505<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Patients with cough had significantly a lower average value of calciuria (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0014<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and lower MEF25 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0304<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), MEF50 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0061<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), FEV1 (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0025<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), and FVC (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0025<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) in % of predicted values, and more often positive endobronchial finding (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>p<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.0206<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>), compared to patients without cough. Calcemia, FEV1\/FVC, DLCO, and CD4+\/CD8+ T-cell ratio in BALF and occurrence of cough did not differ between different stages of the disease. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. We found significant differences between sarcoidosis patients with\/without cough regarding symptoms, results of lung function tests, endobronchial finding, and calcium metabolism. Further research is needed to understand the etiopathogenesis of cough in sarcoidosis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3808206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T19:33:17Z","timestamp":1559503997000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Retrospective Study of Factors Potentially Influencing Occurrence of Cough in Slovak Patients with Sarcoidosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Eva","family":"Kovacova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Martin University Hospital and Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Martin, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Vysehradsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Martin University Hospital and Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius 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