{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:49:03Z","timestamp":1787017743075,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573689600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011710","name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011710","name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011710","name":"Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011710","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of the Basic and New Medicine Research of the Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shaanxi Province","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of the Basic and New Medicine Research of the Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shaanxi Province","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of the Basic and New Medicine Research of the Traditional Chinese Medicine in Shaanxi Province","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}]},{"name":"Special Subsidization of the Key Subjects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy in Shaanxi Province","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}]},{"name":"Special Subsidization of the Key Subjects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy in Shaanxi Province","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}]},{"name":"Special Subsidization of the Key Subjects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacy in Shaanxi Province","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373944"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373944"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81373978"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81373978"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005891","name":"State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People's Republic of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012KTCQ03-13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012KTCQ03-13"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005891","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    The purpose of this study was to prepare a dioscin nanosuspension (Dio-NS) that has a better distance and high solubility for oral administration and to evaluate its hepatoprotective effects. Optimal primary manufacture parameters, including shear time, shear speed, emulation temperature, pressure, and cycles of homogenization, were determined by single-factor experiments. The concentrations of dioscin, SDS, and soybean lecithin were optimized using the central composite design-response surface method, and their effects on the mean particle size (MPS) and particle size distribution of Dio-NS were investigated. Characterization of the Dio-NS formulations included examinations of the surface morphology and physical status of dioscin in Dio-NS, the stability of Dio-NS at different temperatures,\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    solubility, and liver protective effect\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Under optimal conditions, Dio-NS had an MPS of 106.72\u2009nm, polydispersity index of 0.221, and zeta potential of \u221234.27\u2009mV. Furthermore, the proportion of dioscin in Dio-NS was approximately 21.26%. The observation of particles with a spherical shape and the disappearance of crystalline peaks indicated that the physical and chemical properties of Dio-NS were altered. Furthermore, we observed that the dissolution of Dio-NS was superior to that of a physical mixture and Dio-GZF. Moreover, Dio-NS was demonstrated to have a protective effect against CCl\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    -induced acute liver damage in mice that was equivalent to that of silymarin (a positive control drug) at the same dose. The good hepatoprotective effect of our Dio-NS preparation can provide a theoretical basis for investigating its absorption mechanisms in the body.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3907915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T18:30:38Z","timestamp":1573756238000},"page":"1-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Design, Preparation, and Characterization of Dioscin Nanosuspensions and Evaluation of Their Protective Effect against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Hong-Ye","family":"JU","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun-Xia","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guo-Wang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi-Shu","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6644-9191","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiao","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang 712046, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7206"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.8667"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2018.07.016"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2017.7900"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.10.153"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/thno.20270"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00665"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2018.09.022"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2009.08.047"},{"key":"10","first-page":"117","volume":"27","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Chengde Medical College"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2012.02.027"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2018.07.010"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1872211312666180713105959"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2012.02.004"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2018.00745"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneph.2016.156"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13346-011-0039-x"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03639045.2018.1503296"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2018.07.009"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2017.08.017"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2276-8"},{"issue":"3","key":"22","first-page":"699","volume":"32","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Biological Regulators & Homeostatic Agents"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.6160"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2018.07.012"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molimm.2018.07.021"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2018.07.101"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.01537"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2012.03.010"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejps.2013.04.011"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-006-9789-4"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.05.003"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2015.05.070"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10837450.2013.789911"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2017.12.004"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2008.08.014"}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/3907915.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/3907915.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/3907915.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T18:30:42Z","timestamp":1573756242000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/3907915\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]]},"references-count":35,"alternative-id":["3907915","3907915"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/3907915","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-427X","1741-4288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]]}}}