{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:40:33Z","timestamp":1761864033845,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573430400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003286","name":"Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P115-13MC-05","MC01\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P115-13MC-05","MC01\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003286","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004482","name":"Kuwait University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P115-13MC-05","MC01\/16"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P115-13MC-05","MC01\/16"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Rhinoconjunctivitis is a public health problem that causes major illness and disability worldwide. Epidemiological studies intended to determine the burden of rhinoconjunctivitis in Kuwait are limited. Hence, this study sought to estimate the prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis among adolescents in Kuwait and explore its association with different risk factors. Schoolchildren aged 11\u201314 years (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20093,864) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Parents completed questionnaires regarding their children\u2019s clinical history and symptoms of rhinoconjunctivitis and relevant exposures. Associations were assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance estimation, and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. The 12-month (current) prevalence estimates of rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, and severe rhinoconjunctivitis were 28.6% (1,040\/3,643), 13.5% (497\/3,689), and 1.2% (44\/3,689), respectively. The prevalence of current rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms was higher in boys compared to girls (aPR\u2009=\u20091.19, 95% CI: 1.01\u20131.41). Parental history of rhinitis and asthma showed positive associations with rhinoconjunctivitis in offspring. Trend analyses showed that rhinoconjunctivitis prevalence decreased with increasing numbers of total siblings (aPR\u2009=\u20090.92, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>trend<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>) and older siblings (aPR\u2009=\u20090.90, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>trend<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>&lt;<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.001<\/mml:mn><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:math>). Rhinoconjunctivitis is common among adolescents in Kuwait and its epidemiology is similar to that found in western countries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3981064","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,11]],"date-time":"2019-11-11T18:32:39Z","timestamp":1573497159000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Rhinoconjunctivitis among Adolescents in Kuwait and Associated Risk Factors: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3099-4424","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali H.","family":"Ziyab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4721-831X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yaser M.","family":"Ali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Ministry of Health, Kuwait City, 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