{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T14:25:47Z","timestamp":1740147947985,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575417600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007613","name":"Majmaah University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["38\/114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["38\/114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007613","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Speech parameters may include perturbation measurements, spectral and cepstral modeling, and pathological effects of some diseases, like influenza, that affect the vocal tract. The verification task is a very good process to discriminate between different types of voice disorder. This study investigated the modeling of influenza\u2019s pathological effects on the speech signals of the Arabic vowels \u201cA\u201d and \u201cO.\u201d For feature extraction, linear prediction coding (LPC) of discrete wavelet transform (DWT) subsignals denoted by LPCW was used. <jats:italic>k<\/jats:italic>-Nearest neighbor (KNN) and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were used for classification. To study the pathological effects of influenza on the vowel \u201cA\u201d and vowel \u201cO,\u201d power spectral density (PSD) and spectrogram were illustrated, where the PSD of \u201cA\u201d and \u201cO\u201d was repressed as a result of the pathological effects. The obtained results showed that the verification parameters achieved for the vowel \u201cA\u201d were better than those for vowel \u201cO\u201d for both KNN and SVM for an average. The receiver operating characteristic curve was used for interpretation. The modeling by the speech utterances as words was also investigated. We can claim that the speech utterances as words could model the influenza disease with a good quality of the verification parameters with slightly less performance than the vowels \u201cA\u201d as speech utterances. A comparison with state-of-the-art method was made. The best results were achieved by the LPCW method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4198462","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T18:34:19Z","timestamp":1575484459000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Use of Arabic Vowels to Model the Pathological Effect of Influenza Disease by Wavelets"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6737-067X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Khaled","family":"Daqrouq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7807-7882","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abdel-Rahman","family":"Al-Qawasmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Balamesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0150-1064","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ali S.","family":"Alghamdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical Engineering Department, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Saudi Arabia"}]},{"given":"Mohamed A.","family":"Al-Amoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jbhi.2015.2467375"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/bf01069239"},{"volume":"1","year":"1998","key":"4"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e20080590"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-197910000-00001"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compeleceng.2012.04.014"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5120\/7250-0314"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/taslp.2015.2487051"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-81-322-2196-8_2"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.7763\/IJET.2016.V8.904","volume":"8","year":"2016","journal-title":"International Journal of Engineering & Technology"},{"key":"12","first-page":"347","volume":"10","year":"2005","journal-title":"Computer Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing"},{"key":"13","first-page":"835","volume":"2","year":"2007","journal-title":"Information and Media Technologies"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/ijict.2008.024008"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/e19060252"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.asoc.2014.11.016"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/taffc.2015.2392101"}],"container-title":["Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2019\/4198462.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2019\/4198462.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2019\/4198462.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]],"date-time":"2019-12-04T18:34:22Z","timestamp":1575484462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/cmmm\/2019\/4198462\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]},"references-count":16,"alternative-id":["4198462","4198462"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/4198462","relation":{},"ISSN":["1748-670X","1748-6718"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1748-670X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1748-6718"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,4]]}}}