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The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects and properties of hybrid cooperative complexes based on high and low molecular weight hyaluronan (HCC) compared to H-HA on human primary cells derived by pathological joints. In addition, the rheological behavior of HCC was evaluated in order to define their potential as viscosupplement gel in degenerated joints. The experiments were performed using an<jats:italic> in vitro<\/jats:italic> model of OA based on human chondrocytes and synoviocytes isolated from degenerated joints of patients hospitalized for surgical replacement. In order to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of HCC, we evaluated NF-kB, COMP-2, IL-6, and IL-8 as specific markers at the transcriptional and\/or protein level. Moreover, the proliferative properties of HCC were assessed using time lapse video microscopy. We showed that chondrocytes and synoviocytes clearly presented an altered cytokine profile compatible with a severe ongoing inflammation status. H-HA and, above all, HCC significantly reduced levels of the specific biomarkers evaluated and improved cartilage healing. The rheological profile indicated HCC suitability for intra-articular injection in joint diseases. HCC viscoelastic properties and the protective\/anti-inflammatory effect on human chondrocytes and synoviocytes suggest the novel HCC-based gels as a valid support for OA management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4328219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,23]],"date-time":"2019-04-23T23:31:05Z","timestamp":1556062265000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Novel Hybrid Gels Made of High and Low Molecular Weight Hyaluronic Acid Induce Proliferation and Reduce Inflammation in an Osteoarthritis<i> In Vitro<\/i> Model Based on Human Synoviocytes and Chondrocytes"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1635-2724","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Antonietta","family":"Stellavato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Vassallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4723-5865","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Annalisa","family":"La Gatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna Virginia Adriana","family":"Pirozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"De Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Medical Histology and Molecular Biology, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Balato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Surgery \u201cFederico II\u201d of Naples, Department of Public Health, A.O.U. 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