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HMEECs were treated with 300\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml PM for 24 hours. The PL-MSCs were cocultured with PM-treated HMEECs. Cells were harvested on days 0, 1, and 4, and the expression of the inflammatory genes <jats:italic>TNF\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>COX2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>MUC5B<\/jats:italic> in HMEECs and anti-inflammatory genes <jats:italic>PTGES<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TGF\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>VEGF<\/jats:italic> in PL-MSCs was examined by qRT-PCR. The culture media were collected to measure the secreted PGE2 level using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mRNA expression of <jats:italic>TNF\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>COX2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>MUC5B<\/jats:italic> in HMEECs increased following PM treatment. PM-treated HMEECs cocultured with PL-MSCs showed alleviated inflammatory reactions represented by lower mRNA expression levels of <jats:italic>MUC5B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNF\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL1\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL6<\/jats:italic> compared to monocultured PM-treated HMEECs. The mRNA expression levels of <jats:italic>PGE2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TGF\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>VEGF<\/jats:italic> were elevated in cocultured PL-MSCs compared to those of control PL-MSCs. The medium of PM-treated HMEECs cocultured with PL-MSCs exhibited increased PGE2 levels. The increased inflammatory response in PM-treated HMEECs was reversed using PL-MSCs. The <jats:italic>PGE2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TGF\u03b2<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>VEGF<\/jats:italic> were the mediators of the anti-inflammatory effects of PL-MSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4357684","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,14]],"date-time":"2019-11-14T18:30:50Z","timestamp":1573756250000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Effects of Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on the Particulate Matter-Induced Damages in Human Middle Ear Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7361-4930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"So Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, CHA University College of Medicine, Republic of 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