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We transplanted the fecal microbiota from an IBS-D patient and from a healthy volunteer to GF rats. The hepatic inflammation, serum biochemical parameters and metabolome, fecal microbiota profile, fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and correlations among them before and after berberine intervention were assessed. Compared with the healthy control fecal microbiome transplantation (FMT) rats, the fecal microbiota of IBS-D patients induces significant Kupffer cell hyperplasia, hepatic sinusoid hypertrophy, and elevated levels of hepatic tumor necrosis factor-<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and interferon-<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> and decreases the synthesis of ALB in GF rats. This is possibly related to<jats:italic> Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic> and<jats:italic> Bifidobacterium <\/jats:italic>attributable to fecal formate, acetate, and propionate levels, which are associated with the host linoleic acid pathway. Berberine can partially reverse the Kupffer cell hyperplasia,<jats:italic> Faecalibacterium<\/jats:italic>, fecal formate, acetate, and propionate by modulating the gut microbiome composition. These results may imply that IBS-D not only is an intestinal functional disorder but can cause liver inflammation, thus providing some implications regarding the clinical cognition and treatment of IBS-D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4530203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,3]],"date-time":"2019-04-03T19:32:16Z","timestamp":1554319936000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Fecal Microbiota of Diarrhea-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome Patients Causes Hepatic Inflammation of Germ-Free Rats and Berberine Reverses It Partially"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Qiong","family":"Jia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 North Garden Rd., Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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