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The aim of the study was to investigate the independent and combined effects of the cortisol-to-cortisone ratio (F\/E) and 11-deoxycortisol on prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among different genders. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A case-control study was performed including 2676 participants from the Henan Rural Cohort Study. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was used to assess serum cortisol, cortisone, and 11-deoxycortisol. Conditional logistic regression was performed to estimate the associations between hormones and outcomes. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. After adjusting for multiple variables, the negative associations of F\/E and 11-dexyocortisol with T2DM were observed in females (T3 vs. T1: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mtext>OR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.56<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 95% CI: 0.39-0.80 for F\/E; T3 vs. T1: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mtext>OR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.44<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 95% CI: 0.27-0.73 for 11-dexyocortisol). However, only 11-dexyocortisol showed a negative association with prediabetes both in males and females. Compared with the combination of low F\/E and 11-dexyocortisol, the combination of middle F\/E and high 11-dexyocortisol was significantly associated with prediabetes (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mtext>OR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.29<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 95% CI: 0.12-0.71) in males. Furthermore, the combination of high F\/E and 11-dexyocortisol was associated with the lowest odds of prediabetes (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mtext>OR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.39<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 95% CI: 0.21-0.73) and T2DM (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mtext>OR<\/mml:mtext><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.25<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, 95% CI: 0.12-0.52) in females. <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. Serum F\/E level was negatively associated with T2DM only in females whereas serum 11-deoxycortisol level was negatively associated with prediabetes in males and with prediabetes and T2DM in females. Additionally, their combination has a synergistic effect on T2DM.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4693817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,2]],"date-time":"2019-06-02T19:32:34Z","timestamp":1559503954000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Gender-Specific Independent and Combined Effects of the Cortisol-to-Cortisone Ratio and 11-Deoxycortisol on Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: From the Henan Rural Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Xue","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingjing","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 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