{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:50:24Z","timestamp":1787017824821,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1557360000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nanjing 321 plan","award":["2013A12011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013A12011"]}]},{"name":"Nanjing 321 plan","award":["201103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201103016"]}]},{"name":"Nanjing 321 plan","award":["2012BAI29B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAI29B03"]}]},{"name":"Commonweal Specialized Research Fund of China Agriculture","award":["2013A12011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013A12011"]}]},{"name":"Commonweal Specialized Research Fund of China Agriculture","award":["201103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201103016"]}]},{"name":"Commonweal Specialized Research Fund of China Agriculture","award":["2012BAI29B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAI29B03"]}]},{"name":"Project of the National Twelve-Five Year Research Program of China","award":["2013A12011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013A12011"]}]},{"name":"Project of the National Twelve-Five Year Research Program of China","award":["201103016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201103016"]}]},{"name":"Project of the National Twelve-Five Year Research Program of China","award":["2012BAI29B03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAI29B03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Terminalia bellirica<\/jats:italic>\n                    (Gaertn.) Roxb. fruit (TBF) is a widely planted traditional medicinal herb in Tibet. We aimed to determine the most active substance-enriched extract by comparing the\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    antioxidant activities of different extract fractions of TBF that were subsequently extracted by petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    -butanol after initial extraction by 95% ethanol. The main compounds of the ethyl acetate extract fraction (EF) were analyzed via HPLC-MS. Gallic acid (GA) was obtained from EF to determine\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    antifibrotic activity based on the traditional usage of TBF. After HSC-T6 cells were incubated with GA, extracellular secreted levels of fibrosis-associated cytokines, such as collagen I, collagen III, TGF-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    1, and hydroxyproline, were estimated by ELISA. Gene and protein expressions of PDGFR, CTGF, NF-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                    B, MMP-2, TIMP-1, TIMP-2,\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    -SMA, and the Bcl-2\/Bax family were determined by quantitative PCR and western blot. The proapoptotic effect of GA was further investigated by annexin V-PI and TUNEL staining. These results indicate that EF has prominent\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    antioxidant activity among four extract fractions, and its main component, GA, manifests antifibrosis activity and its potential mechanism of action includes inhibition of cytokine secretion and collagen synthesis, as well as proapoptosis of HSCs.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5176090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T19:31:40Z","timestamp":1557430300000},"page":"1-15","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Active Constituent in the Ethyl Acetate Extract Fraction of\n                    <i>Terminalia bellirica<\/i>\n                    Fruit Exhibits Antioxidation, Antifibrosis, and Proapoptosis Capabilities In Vitro"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5871-4888","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yuxin","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bingxin","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5997-1368","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Youwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of TCM and Natural Products, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China"},{"name":"MOE Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aao6575"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13828"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0378-8741(02)00034-X"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2010.10.006"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2010.11.005"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np970010m"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.01.006"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2011.12.010"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2010.03.018"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2016.12.102"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9364364"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/613950"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb-2017-0132"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.23.1153"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2014.02.041"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.indcrop.2015.07.007"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2005.02.036"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2011.04.058"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2010.06.029"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.1515"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-10-20"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fra.2013.04.001"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.05.027"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2007.01.019"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2012.11.051"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biortech.2009.09.018"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.10.3894"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11130-009-0127-y"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.04.028"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2005.05.033"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0974-8490.89743"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/1682743"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp9000469"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00420.2004"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2018.02.018"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M010149200"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.2000.4972"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(89)90833-7"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.7.11.2064"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(96)01035-1"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-012-1671-3"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i43.6775"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2017.12.012"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14299"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2004.11.009"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2015.10.012"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20051"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s12276-018-0199-6"},{"key":"49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2016.08.006"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2011.08.004"}],"container-title":["Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2019\/5176090.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2019\/5176090.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2019\/5176090.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]],"date-time":"2019-05-09T19:31:47Z","timestamp":1557430307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/omcl\/2019\/5176090\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["5176090","5176090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/5176090","relation":{},"ISSN":["1942-0900","1942-0994"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1942-0900","type":"print"},{"value":"1942-0994","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,9]]}}}