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Fuel cells have recently emerged as one of the most promising emission\u2010free technologies for the electrification of ship propulsion systems. In fuel cell\u2010based ship electrification, the entire marine power system is viewed as a direct current (DC) microgrid (MG) with constant power loads (CPLs). A challenge of such settings is how to stabilize the voltages and currents of the ship\u2019s grid. In this paper, we propose a new modified backstepping controller to stabilize the MG voltage and currents. Finally, to study the performance and efficiency of our proposal, we run an experiment simulation using dSPACE real\u2010time emulator.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5358316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,16]],"date-time":"2019-11-16T00:42:47Z","timestamp":1573864967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Tracking Control for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Systems in Zero\u2010Emission Ferry Ships"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0223-4081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad Hassan","family":"Khooban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1178-1063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Navid","family":"Vafamand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jalil","family":"Boudjadar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en7052799"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tste.2017.2763605"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsyst.2019.2911210"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","article-title":"The future 5G network based secondary load frequency control in maritime microgrids","author":"Gheisarnejad M.","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","unstructured":"MiolaA. 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Regulating air emissions from ships: the state of the art on methodologies technologies and policy options 2010 Publications Office of the European Union Brussels Belgium Reference reports."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2010.11.099"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.1648308"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsen.2019.2924726"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/en11040721"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfranklin.2015.04.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2018.08.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpowsour.2016.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2007.896477"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2016.2625238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhydene.2014.06.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2013.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2018.2826485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tii.2018.2799239"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tia.2018.2848959"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2019.2896019"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","unstructured":"HossainE. Addressing instability issues in microgrids caused by constant power loads using energy storage systems 2016 University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA Theses and Dissertations."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2018.6739"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2019.2910936"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Adaptive TS fuzzy-based MPC for DC microgrids with dynamic CPLs: nonlinear power observer approach","volume":"13","author":"Vafamand N.","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Systems Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","article-title":"An intelligent and fast controller for DC\/DC converter feeding CPL in a DC microgrid","author":"Farsizadeh H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions On Circuits And Systems II: Express Briefs"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2018.2801886"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jprocont.2006.04.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIA.2013.2273751"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tie.2009.2013748"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4471-3792-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2007.914160"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIE.2018.2880666"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/jsyst.2019.2927112"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2019\/5358316.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2019\/5358316.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2019\/5358316","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T14:13:46Z","timestamp":1723040026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2019\/5358316"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Taesic","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2019\/5358316"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/5358316","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1076-2787"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1099-0526"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-09-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-11-15","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"5358316"}}