{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T21:24:17Z","timestamp":1790803457184,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Adama Science and Technology University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Clausena anisata<\/jats:italic> is one of the medicinal plants used traditionally for treatment of parasitic infections, irritation (boils, ringworm, and eczema), flatworm infestations, influenza, abdominal cramps, and constipation. Phytochemical screening test of dichloromethane\/methanol (1\u2009:\u20091) roots extract revealed the presence of flavonoids, phytosterols, coumarins, phenols, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, and free reducing sugars and the absence of saponins. Silica gel column chromatographic separation of the dichloromethane\/methanol (1\u2009:\u20091) extract afforded a carbazole alkaloid derivative of heptazoline (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>) and three coumarins (<jats:bold>2<\/jats:bold>\u2013<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>), including the known coumarins imperatorin (<jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>) and chalepin (<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>). Structures of the compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques (IR, <jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>H NMR, <jats:sup>13<\/jats:sup>C NMR, and DEPT-135). Antibacterial activity of the crude extracts and isolated compounds was screened using agar diffusion method against strains of <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>Bacillus substilis<\/jats:italic>. The results of antibacterial test revealed derivative of heptaphylline (<jats:bold>1<\/jats:bold>) and imperatorin (<jats:bold>3<\/jats:bold>) exhibited comparable antibacterial activity against <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>B. substilis<\/jats:italic> (14 and 13\u2009mm zone of inhibition, respectively) to that of ciprofloxacin (15\u2009mm zone of inhibition) at a concentration of 20\u2009<jats:italic>\u00b5<\/jats:italic>g\/mL. Chalepin (<jats:bold>4<\/jats:bold>) revealed more antibacterial activity against <jats:italic>B. substilis<\/jats:italic> (16\u2009mm zone of inhibition) compared to ciprofloxacin (15\u2009mm).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5419854","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T18:34:42Z","timestamp":1549218882000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Antibacterial Activity of Coumarins and Carbazole Alkaloid from Roots of <i>Clausena anisata<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Dandena","family":"Tamene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O.Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5301-9923","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Milkyas","family":"Endale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Chemistry, Adama Science and Technology University, P.O.Box 1888, Adama, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6882-5-6"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2006.04.026"},{"issue":"3","key":"3","first-page":"117","volume":"56","year":"1984","journal-title":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health"},{"key":"4","year":"1993"},{"key":"5","first-page":"363","volume":"2","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Scientific Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"6","first-page":"235","volume":"4","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences"},{"key":"7","first-page":"131","volume":"1","year":"2010","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Pharmacy"},{"key":"8","year":"1973"},{"issue":"4","key":"9","first-page":"429","volume":"22","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/np50060a044"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9422(95)00452-d"},{"key":"12","first-page":"277","volume":"54","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/ba20070200"}],"container-title":["Advances in Pharmacological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2019\/5419854.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2019\/5419854.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2019\/5419854.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T18:34:45Z","timestamp":1549218885000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/aps\/2019\/5419854\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"references-count":13,"alternative-id":["5419854","5419854"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/5419854","relation":{},"ISSN":["1687-6334","1687-6342"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1687-6334","type":"print"},{"value":"1687-6342","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]}}}