{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T23:01:20Z","timestamp":1776207680210,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549152000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003565","name":"Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17TLRP-B117133-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17TLRP-B117133-02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003565","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement","award":["17TLRP-B117133-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17TLRP-B117133-02"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The convergence of automobiles and ICT (information and communication technology) has become a new paradigm for the development of next-generation vehicles. In particular, connected cars represent the most in-demand automobile-ICT convergence technology. With the development of 5G technology, communication between vehicle and external device using autonomous driving and Internet of things (IoT) technology has been remarkably developed. Control of vehicles using smart phones has become a routine feature, and over 200 Android apps are in use. However, Android apps are easy to tamper by repackaging and allowing hackers to attack vehicles with using this vulnerability, which can lead to life-critical accidents. In this study, we analyze the vulnerabilities of connected car environments when connecting with IoT technologies and demonstrate the possibility of cyberattack by performing attack experiments using real cars and repackaging for commercial apps. Furthermore, we propose a realistic security technology as a countermeasure to attain safety against cyberattacks. To evaluate the safety of the proposed method, a security module is developed and a performance evaluation is conducted on an actual vehicle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5650245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T18:33:24Z","timestamp":1549218804000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Enhanced Android App-Repackaging Attack on In-Vehicle Network"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Yousik","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ESCRYPT, 4F, ABN Tower, 331 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samuel","family":"Woo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, 218 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jungho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea Information Certificate Authority Inc., 5th Fl C-dong, PDC, 242, Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13487, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunkeun","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ESCRYPT, 4F, ABN Tower, 331 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 13488, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heeseok","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KATECH, 74 Yongjeong-ri, Pungse-myeon, Dongnam-gu, Cheonan, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0692-2543","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dong Hoon","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea University, Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","first-page":"318","volume":"34","year":"2003","journal-title":"GI Jahrestagung"},{"issue":"3","key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1109\/JSAC.2018.2815418","volume":"36","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TITS.2014.2351612"},{"issue":"3","key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.13089\/JKIISC.2016.26.3.679","volume":"26","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security and Cryptology"},{"key":"18"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ress.2010.06.026"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/MIS-2011-0119"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7840\/kics.2013.38B.8.654"},{"key":"27","volume":"2017","year":"2007","journal-title":"EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems"}],"container-title":["Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2019\/5650245.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2019\/5650245.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2019\/5650245.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]],"date-time":"2019-02-03T18:33:28Z","timestamp":1549218808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/wcmc\/2019\/5650245\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]},"references-count":9,"alternative-id":["5650245","5650245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/5650245","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-8669","1530-8677"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-8669","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-8677","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,3]]}}}