{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T11:59:44Z","timestamp":1773921584843,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1555891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":111,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Complexity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent years, the complexities of wind turbine control are raised while implementing grid codes in voltage sag conditions. In fact, wind turbines should stay connected to the grid and inject reactive power according to the new grid codes. Accordingly, this paper presents a new control algorithm based on super\u2010twisting sliding mode for a gearless wind turbine by a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG). The PMSG is connected to the grid via the back\u2010to\u2010back converter. In the proposed method, the machine side converter regulates the DC\u2010link voltage. This strategy improves low\u2010voltage ride through (LVRT) capability. In addition, the grid side inverter provides the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control. It should be noted that the super\u2010twisting sliding mode (STSM) control is implemented to effectively deal with nonlinear relationship between DC\u2010link voltage and the input control signal. The main features of the designed controller are being chattering\u2010free and its robustness against external disturbances such as grid fault conditions. Simulations are performed on the MATLAB\/Simulink platform. This controller is compared with Proportional\u2010Integral (PI) and the first\u2010order sliding mode (FOSM) controllers to illustrate the DC\u2010link voltage regulation capability in the normal and grid fault conditions. Then, to show the MPPT implementation of the proposed controller, wind speed is changed with time. The simulation results show designed STSM controller better performance and robustness under different conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6141607","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T23:39:24Z","timestamp":1555976364000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Super\u2010Twisting Sliding Mode Control for Gearless PMSG\u2010Based Wind Turbine"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3551-3514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5676-1875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saleh","family":"Mobayen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8173-1179","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Quan Min","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2011.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.renene.2018.11.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2017.2695485"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JPROC.2017.2696878"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/856173"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2011.2174254"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-gtd.2017.0270"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2015.03.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1049\/iet-rpg.2008.0055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSTE.2016.2578042"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPEL.2011.2171999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_2","first-page":"218","article-title":"Efficient low-voltage ride-through nonlinear backstepping control strategy for PMSG-based wind turbine during the grid faults","volume":"6","author":"Nasiri M.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Operation and Automation in Power Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17485\/ijst\/2015\/v8i13\/52201"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5342971"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isatra.2014.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TEC.2011.2181515"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_2","first-page":"762","article-title":"An integral sliding mode controller with super-twisting algorithm for direct power control of wind generator based on a doubly fed induction generator","volume":"8","author":"Tria F. Z.","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Journal of Systems Assurance Engineering and Management"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ErramiY. ObbadiA. SahnounS. andBenhmidaM. Design and sliding mode control for PMSG based wind power system connected to a non-ideal grid voltages Proceedings of the 2015 3rd International Renewable and Sustainable Energy Conference (IRSEC) 2015 IEEE.","DOI":"10.1109\/IRSEC.2015.7454981"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24084\/repqj12.377"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/21642583.2015.1082513"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118703274"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.enconman.2014.06.055"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203910856"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-8176-4893-0_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rser.2012.02.016"}],"container-title":["Complexity"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2019\/6141607.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/complexity\/2019\/6141607.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1155\/2019\/6141607","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]],"date-time":"2024-08-07T12:33:25Z","timestamp":1723034005000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1155\/2019\/6141607"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Hassan","family":"Zargarzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1155\/2019\/6141607"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/6141607","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-2787","1099-0526"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-2787","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-0526","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-01-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-04-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"6141607"}}