{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T07:16:38Z","timestamp":1767165398812,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576454400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017R1A6A1A03015642"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017R1A6A1A03015642"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Trichosanthes tricuspidata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lour., also known as\n                    <jats:italic>T. palmata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Roxb,\n                    <jats:italic>T. bracteata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lam.,\n                    <jats:italic>T. puber<\/jats:italic>\n                    Blume, and\n                    <jats:italic>Modecca bracteata,<\/jats:italic>\n                    is a vine belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family (English name: redball snake gourd). Distributed in China, South and East Asia, and tropical Australia, it has been traditionally used as a medicinal plant for its antifever, laxative, anthelmintic properties and for migraine treatment. In this paper, we examined the effects of\n                    <jats:italic>Trichosanthes tricuspidata<\/jats:italic>\n                    Lour. ethanol extract (Tt-ME)\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    . To confirm the effects of Tt-ME on inflammatory responses, we conducted experimental analyses including level of nitric oxide (NO) production, RT-PCR, and immunoblotting and using a HCl\/EtOH-induced gastritis animal model. Tt-ME attenuated the release of NO and decreased mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), TNF-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and IL-6 in lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced macrophages in a concentration-dependent manner. Tt-ME time-dependently suppressed nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                    B) subunits p50 and p65, activator protein (AP-1) subunits c-Fos and c-Jun, and STAT3 transcriptional activity by inhibiting nuclear translocation of p50, p65, c-Fos, c-Jun, and STAT3. Tt-ME significantly downregulated NF-\n                    <jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\n                    B, MAPK, and JAK2 signaling by targeting Syk, Src, and IRAK1 protein kinases. Furthermore, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression and cell migration were observed to be downregulated by Tt-ME in LPS-activated macrophages.\n                    <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    studies on Tt-ME also produced similar trends in Hcl\/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse models by inhibiting proinflammatory cytokines and the inflammatory signaling pathway. Our results strongly suggest that Tt-ME exerted anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated macrophages and mouse models of acute inflammatory disease.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/6879346","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T18:32:02Z","timestamp":1576521122000},"page":"1-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["<i>Trichosanthes tricuspidata<\/i>\n                    Lour. Methanol Extract Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Activity by Targeting Syk, Src, and IRAK1 Kinase Activity"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0063-5025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Akash","family":"Ahuja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deok","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7440-5025","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mi-Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8141-9927","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jae Youl","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3071"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.06.019"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.10632"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033-009-9710-4"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep27528"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.06.003"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.025"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.10.014"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mcb.18.5.2545"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2005.05.007"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1275"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8140422"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0092-8674(00)81959-5"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0031-9422(01)00430-7"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5091534"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/3909038"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2014.080"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-0934(88)90134-6"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5142\/jgr.2012.36.3.263"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2017.12.006"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01180"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2015.036"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12272-012-0419-x"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2014.00071"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2567.2004.01976.x"},{"key":"27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccr.2009.02.015"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mcb.24.17.7806-7819.2004"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri910"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/asj.13108"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2013.05.030"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/70.3.491s"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2015.04.032"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.111848"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/429693"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1574-695x.2007.00329.x"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3128182"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.01.024"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753425916669418"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1615\/critrevimmunol.v31.i5.20"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46299"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biof.5520150207"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/512926"},{"key":"44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1821068116"},{"key":"45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2008.01.020"},{"key":"46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/1548125"},{"key":"47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3619879"},{"key":"48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.08.033"},{"key":"49","volume":"2019","year":"2019","journal-title":"Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"key":"50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13880209.2017.1362011"},{"key":"51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.68.2.320-344.2004"},{"key":"52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/mmbr.00031-10"},{"key":"53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2018.02.001"},{"key":"54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2016.05.008"},{"key":"55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2015.08.004"},{"key":"56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2009.10.004"},{"key":"57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpharm.2017.03.040"},{"key":"58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.9.1.57"},{"key":"59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2013.7.2.182"},{"key":"60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgr.2017.04.009"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3183519","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,4]],"date-time":"2020-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607040000000}}],"container-title":["Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/6879346.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/6879346.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/6879346.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]],"date-time":"2019-12-16T18:32:04Z","timestamp":1576521124000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/ecam\/2019\/6879346\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"references-count":59,"alternative-id":["6879346","6879346"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/6879346","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-427X","1741-4288"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-427X","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-4288","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]}}}