{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T16:02:41Z","timestamp":1792425761615,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550534400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["International Journal of Endocrinology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]]},"abstract":"\n Purpose<\/jats:italic>\n . To investigate the demographic characteristics, etiology, and comorbidities of Cushing\u2019s syndrome (CS) patients at a large medical center in China.\n Methods<\/jats:italic>\n . Records on CS patients discharged from 2008 to 2017 were retrieved from the hospital discharge abstract database (DAD) using ICD-10 codes. Demographic characteristics, etiology, and comorbidity data were analyzed.\n Results<\/jats:italic>\n . Cushing\u2019s disease (CD) accounted for 63.0% of CS patients, followed by adrenocortical adenoma (ACA) (20.9%), primary bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasia (BMAH) (6.2%), ectopic ACTH syndrome (EAS) (5.9%), primary pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease (PPNAD) (1.8%), and adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) (1.0%). CD, ACA, ACC, and PPNAD presented marked preponderances in women (4.1\u2009:\u20091, 10.5\u2009:\u20091, 4.3\u2009:\u20091, and 2.3\u2009:\u20091, respectively), while BMAH (59.8%) and EAS (51.0%) showed slightly higher preponderances in men. CD patients were younger than ACA and EAS patients (\n \n 36.1<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 12.9<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n years vs.\n \n 39.4<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 12.7<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n years and\n \n 36.1<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 12.9<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n years vs.\n \n 41.0<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 15.8<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ,\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ); PPNAD patients were the youngest (\n \n 24.2<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 10.8<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n years,\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ), and BMAH patients were the oldest (\n \n 51.3<\/mml:mn>\n \u00b1<\/mml:mo>\n 9.9<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n years,\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ). Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis without fractures, osteoporotic fractures, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver occurred more frequently in CD patients than in ACA patients (\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n for all). Osteoporotic fractures were observed more frequently in PPAND than in ACA (26.7% vs. 9.0%,\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ) and BMAH (26.7% vs. 4.9%,\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ) patients. EAS patients had more severe and diverse comorbidities, with higher prevalences of hypokalemia (52.0%), diabetes mellitus (61.2%), and osteoporotic fractures (28.6%). When adjusted for age, male CD patients were associated with hypertension (OR\u2009=\u20092.266, 95% CI: 1.524\u20133.371, and\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ), osteoporotic fractures (OR\u2009=\u20092.274, 95% CI: 1.568\u20133.298, and\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n <<\/mml:mo>\n 0.001<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ), fatty liver (OR\u2009=\u20091.435, 95% CI: 1.028\u20132.003, and\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n =<\/mml:mo>\n 0.034<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ), and hypokalemia (OR\u2009=\u20091.944, 95% CI: 1.280\u20132.951, and\n \n P<\/mml:mi>\n =<\/mml:mo>\n 0.002<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:math>\n ).\n Conclusions<\/jats:italic>\n . The proposed method efficiently evaluates CS patients\u2019 epidemiological profiles using hospital DADs with ICD-10 codes and thus may enrich the limited epidemiological data and contribute to clinical practice for CS.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7159696","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,19]],"date-time":"2019-02-19T18:31:47Z","timestamp":1550601107000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Demographic Characteristics, Etiology, and Comorbidities of Patients with Cushing\u2019s Syndrome: A 10-Year Retrospective Study at a Large General Hospital in China"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Jingya","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications in China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications in China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications in China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shengnan","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications in China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Records, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Collaborating Center for the WHO Family of International Classifications in China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission of People\u2019s Republic of China, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyu","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Unit, International Epidemiology Network, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4183-5560","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiaopeng","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of 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