{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T05:10:37Z","timestamp":1789189837128,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1554681600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Associazione Italiana Sindrome di Moebius"},{"name":"Centro Diagnostico Europeo Dalla Rosa Prati"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Neural Plasticity"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>According to embodied simulation theories, others\u2019 emotions are recognized by the unconscious mimicking of observed facial expressions, which requires the implicit activation of the motor programs that produce a specific expression. Motor responses performed during the expression of a given emotion are hypothesized to be directly linked to autonomic responses associated with that emotional behavior. We tested this hypothesis in 9 children (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>age<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>5.66<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) affected by Moebius syndrome (MBS) and 15 control children (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>M<\/mml:mi><\/mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mtext>age<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:mrow><\/mml:msub><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>6.6<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). MBS is a neurological congenital disorder characterized by underdevelopment of the VI and VII cranial nerves, which results in paralysis of the face. Moebius patients\u2019 inability to produce facial expressions impairs their capacity to communicate emotions through the face. We therefore assessed Moebius children\u2019s autonomic response to emotional stimuli (video cartoons) by means of functional infrared thermal (fIRT) imaging. Patients showed weaker temperature changes compared to controls, suggesting impaired autonomic activity. They also showed difficulties in recognizing facial emotions from static illustrations. These findings reveal that the impairment of facial movement attenuates the intensity of emotional experience, probably through the diminished activation of autonomic responses associated with emotional stimuli. The current study is the first to investigate emotional responses in MBS children, providing important insights into the role of facial expressions in emotional processing during early development.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7253768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T19:30:59Z","timestamp":1554751859000},"page":"1-13","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Autonomic Responses to Emotional Stimuli in Children Affected by Facial Palsy: The Case of Moebius Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4414-3033","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ylenia","family":"Nicolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3811-3276","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Barbara","family":"Manini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Deafness and Neural Plasticity Lab, School of Psychology-University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4492-3926","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Elisa","family":"De Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gino","family":"Coud\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod UMR 5229, CNRS, and Universit\u00e9 Claude Bernarde Lyon, Bron Cedex, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1506-1995","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Daniela","family":"Cardone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infrared Imaging Lab ITAB-Institute of Advanced Biomedical Technologies and Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, University \u201cG. 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