{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T03:47:49Z","timestamp":1761709669653,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]],"date-time":"2019-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575158400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key R&D Project of Shanxi Province","award":["201803D31127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["201803D31127"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Canadian Respiratory Journal"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>. The absolute and relative changes of peripheral NK and T subsets are unclear in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) associated with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (RA-ILD). To investigate the clinical risk factors, especially the changes of lymphocyte subsets, in RA-ILD in order to make early diagnosis and achieve prevention of the pulmonary interstitial lesions. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. A total of 100 RA and 100 RA-ILD patients were enrolled. Rheumatoid factor, anti-cyclic citrulline peptide antibody, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, immunoglobulin, and C-reactive protein were examined. The percentage and absolute number of NK, T, B, Treg, Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. RA-ILD is more common in older and male RA patients and\/or those with higher autoantibody titers. Flow cytometry showed that the absolute and relative numbers of CD56+ NK cells were significantly higher in RA-ILD (280.40\u2009\u00b1\u2009180.51\u2009cells\/<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l vs. 207.66\u2009\u00b1\u2009148.57\u2009cells\/<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l; 16.62\u2009\u00b1\u20098.56% vs. 12.11\u2009\u00b1\u20096.47%), whereas the proportion of T cells and CD4+ T cells was lower in peripheral blood of RA-ILD patients (69.82\u2009\u00b1\u20099.30%; 39.44\u2009\u00b1\u20099.87\u2009cells\/<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l) than that in RA patients (74.45\u2009\u00b1\u20098.72%; 43.29\u2009\u00b1\u20099.10\u2009cells\/<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>l). <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. The occurrence of RA-ILD is closely related to the older male patients with high titer of various self-antibodies. Imbalance of CD3\u2212CD56+ NK cells and T cells with other subsets were found in RA-ILD patients, which, together with older age, male, and high levels of autoantibodies should be considered as risk factors of pulmonary interstitial lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7262065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,2]],"date-time":"2019-12-02T08:43:45Z","timestamp":1575276225000},"page":"1-6","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Risk Factors and Changes of Peripheral NK and T Cells in Pulmonary Interstitial Fibrosis of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5049-1130","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Na-Lin","family":"Lai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1242-0286","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jing","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guang-Ying","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8899-1886","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Xiao-Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3704-5993","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jian-Fang","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, 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