{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T06:30:03Z","timestamp":1773469803696,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST105-2628-B-002-047-MY3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST106-2314-B-002-055"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004663","name":"Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MOST107-2314-B-002-191"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. The difference of macrophage-specific interleukin-1 beta (IL-1b) response between latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and active tuberculosis (TB) remains less studied. <jats:italic>Method<\/jats:italic>. We performed this prospective study and recruited active TB patients, contacts with LTBI, and uninfected contacts. The gene and protein expression of human monocyte-derived macrophage (hMDM) after ex vivo stimulation by early secretory antigenic target-6KD (ESAT-6) and tuberculin purified protein derivatives (PPD) was studied by real-time PCR and flow cytometry. The effect of caspase-1 inhibitor was also studied. <jats:italic>Result<\/jats:italic>. The IL-1b gene expression after 6\u2009hr ESAT-6 1\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml stimulation was different among active TB patients (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M1\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>12<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), LTBI cases (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M2\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>12<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and uninfected contacts (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M3\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) (log fold change: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M4\"><mml:mn>0.98<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>1.26<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> vs. <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M5\"><mml:mn>2.20<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.96<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math> vs. <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M6\"><mml:mn>2.20<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.96<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M7\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.013<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). The IL-1b gene expression at 24 hours was higher than that at 6 hours in LTBI cases (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M8\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) and uninfected contacts (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M9\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>6<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). After 24\u2009hr ESAT-6 1\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml stimulation, the percentage of IL-1b-expressed hMDM was borderline lower in the active TB patients (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M10\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) than in the LTBI cases (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M11\"><mml:mi>n<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>10<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M12\"><mml:mn>14.0<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>11.2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math> vs. <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M13\"><mml:mn>31.6<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>22.5<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M14\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.065<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Compared with ESAT-6 1\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml stimulation but without the addition of caspase-1 inhibitor (CasI) (<mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M15\"><mml:mn>55.6<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>16.3<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>), the percentage of IL-1b-positive hMDMs decreased after addition of CasI (50\u00a0<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CasI: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M16\"><mml:mn>49.8<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>18.2<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M17\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.078<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; 100\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CasI: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M18\"><mml:mn>46.6<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>20.8<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M19\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.030<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>; 150\u2009<jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>g\/ml CasI: <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M20\"><mml:mn>33.7<\/mml:mn><mml:mo>\u00b1<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>15.5<\/mml:mn><mml:mi>%<\/mml:mi><\/mml:math>, <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\" id=\"M21\"><mml:mi>P<\/mml:mi><mml:mo>=<\/mml:mo><mml:mn>0.016<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). <jats:italic>Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. This study revealed that macrophage-specific IL-1b response differed among different stages of <jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic> infection. The role of IL-1b and inflammasome in the process of LTBI progressing to active TB warrants further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7869576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T19:30:59Z","timestamp":1572377459000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Differed IL-1 Beta Response between Active TB and LTBI Cases by Ex Vivo Stimulation of Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophage with TB-Specific Antigen"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7220-4833","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Meng-Rui","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec.1, Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City 30059, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lih-Yu","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec.1, Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City 30059, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chia-Hao","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec.1, Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City 30059, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9613-4788","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bo-Shiun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, No. 1, Sec. 1, Jen Ai Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10051, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3406-366X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jann-Yuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wan-Hsin","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Hsin-Chu Branch, No. 25, Lane 442, Sec.1, Jingguo Rd., Hsinchu City 30059, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7, Chung Shan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei City 10002, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","year":"2016"},{"key":"2","year":"2014"},{"key":"3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1405427"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tube.2013.05.002"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coi.2011.06.002"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0175336"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12266"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature13489"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2017.69"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2019.01.007"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42004"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humimm.2010.07.006"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2012-05-430090"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cyto.2016.10.013"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CVI.00009-16"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu329"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1502157"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.072"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw836"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004426"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.179.2.1178"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1322691111"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189453"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-017-0694-2"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2012.12.002"},{"issue":"3","key":"27","first-page":"531","volume":"34","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology"},{"key":"28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/317820"},{"key":"29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI11830"},{"key":"30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit572"},{"key":"31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2010.01450.x"},{"key":"32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni.3333"},{"key":"33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70034-3"},{"key":"34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI77990"},{"key":"35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu795"},{"key":"36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jit494"},{"key":"37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2015.09.027"},{"key":"38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00430-014-0382-x"},{"key":"39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw836"},{"key":"40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imm.12762"},{"key":"41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.04.015"},{"key":"42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e31828f93bb"},{"key":"43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/gene.2014.77"}],"container-title":["Disease Markers"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2019\/7869576.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2019\/7869576.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2019\/7869576.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T19:31:04Z","timestamp":1572377464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/dm\/2019\/7869576\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["7869576","7869576"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/7869576","relation":{},"ISSN":["0278-0240","1875-8630"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0278-0240","type":"print"},{"value":"1875-8630","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]}}}