{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:31:00Z","timestamp":1790134260395,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575849600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004329","name":"Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["J3-9283"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J3-9283"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004329","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Disease Markers"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:italic>. Galectin-3 plasma levels (gal-3) were shown to correlate with the scar burden in chronic heart failure (CHF) setting. As scar burden predicts response to stem cell therapy, we sought to explore a correlation between gal-3 and response to CD34+ cell transplantation in patients with CHF. Methods<\/jats:italic>. We performed a post hoc analysis of patients, enrolled in 2 prospective trials investigating the clinical effects of CD34+ cell therapy in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP). CD34+ cells were mobilized by G-CSF, collected via apheresis, and injected transendocardially using NOGA system. Patients were followed for 3 months and demographic, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters and gal-3 were analyzed at baseline and at follow-up. Response to cell therapy was defined as an LVEF increase of \u22655%. Results<\/jats:italic>. 61 patients were included in the analysis. The mean age of patients was 52 years and 83% were male. DCMP and ICMP were present in 69% and 31% of patients, respectively. The average serum creatinine was 86<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>23<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0\u03bc<\/jats:italic>mol\/L, NT-proBNP 1132 (IQR 350-2279) pg\/mL, and LVEF 30<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>6<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>%. Gal-3 at baseline and at 3 months did not differ significantly (13.4<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>5.5<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL vs. 13.1<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>5.8<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL; p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.72<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), and there were no differences in baseline gal-3 with respect to heart failure etiology (15.1<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>7.2<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL in ICMP vs. 12.7<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>4.3<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL in DCMP; p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.12<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Comparing responders (N<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>49<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>) to nonresponders (N<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>18<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>), we found no differences in baseline gal-3 (13.6<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>5.7<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL vs. 13.2<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>4.9<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL; p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.80<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). However, responders had significantly lower gal-3 at 3-month follow-up (12.1<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>4.0<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL vs. 15.7<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>8.4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL; p<\/mml:mi><<\/mml:mo>0.05<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Also, responders demonstrated a significant decrease in gal-3 over 3 months, while in nonresponders, an increase in gal-3 occurred (\u2212<\/mml:mo>1.5<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>5.4<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>\u00a0ng\/mL vs. +<\/mml:mo>2.7<\/mml:mn>\u00b1<\/mml:mo>4.3<\/mml:mn>\u2009<\/mml:mtext><\/mml:math>ng\/mL; p<\/mml:mi>=<\/mml:mo>0.01<\/mml:mn><\/mml:math>). Conclusions<\/jats:italic>. In patients with chronic heart failure undergoing CD34+ cell therapy, a decrease in galectin-3 plasma levels is associated with beneficial response to this treatment modality. Further prospective data is warranted to confirm our findings and to deepen our understanding of the role of gal-3 in the field of stem cell therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8636930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T18:32:32Z","timestamp":1575916352000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Favorable Response to CD34+ Cell Therapy Is Associated with a Decrease of Galectin-3 Levels in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Gregor","family":"Poglajen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9297-8492","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Jus","family":"Ksela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Frljak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregor","family":"Zemljic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Heart Failure and Transplantation Center, University Medical Center Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeta","family":"Boznar Alic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical 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