{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T09:58:29Z","timestamp":1771495109299,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549843200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["7174284"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["7174284"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Purpose<\/jats:italic>. Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in chemotherapy of leukemia treatments. In this paper, we investigated Usnea Acid (UA) as MDR reversal agent on hematologic K562\/ADR cells via ROS dependent apoptosis.<jats:italic> Methods<\/jats:italic>. CCK8 assay was used to measure cell viability rate of K562\/ADR. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, cell cycle distribution, cell apoptosis were measured with flow cytometry, respectively. Proteins related to apoptosis were measured by Western blot. Intracellular Adriamycin accumulation was observed by confocal microscopy and measured by flow cytometry.<jats:italic> Results<\/jats:italic>. In vitro study showed intracellular Adriamycin accumulation was remarkably increased by UA. Cell viability treated with Adr (4 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M) was decreased from 89.8%\u2009\u2009\u00b1 4.7 to 32%\u2009\u2009\u00b1 8.9 by combined with UA (4 <jats:italic>\u03bc<\/jats:italic>M). Adr-induced apoptosis and G<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\/G<jats:sub>0<\/jats:sub> phase cell cycle arrest were remarkably increased by UA, as well as, intracellular ROS level. However, MDR reversing activity of UA was inhibited by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a ROS scavenger.<jats:italic> Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. These data provide compelling evidence that UA is a promising agent against MDR in leukemia cell line and suggest a promising therapeutic approach for leukemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/8727935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T18:40:13Z","timestamp":1549910413000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Usnea Acid as Multidrug Resistance (MDR) Reversing Agent against Human Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia K562\/ADR Cells via an ROS Dependent Apoptosis"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2019","author":[{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shubin","family":"Niu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of biomedicine, Beijing City University, No. 6 Huanghoudian Road Haidian District, Beijing, 100094, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luxin","family":"Qiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feili","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiming","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yabo","family":"Ouyang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6896-6640","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Dexi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing You An Hospital, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Institute of Hepatology, Beijing, 100069, China"},{"name":"Beijing Precision Medicine and Transformation Engineering Technology Research Center of Hepatitis and Liver Cancer, 100069, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.29210"},{"key":"2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2011.03.009"},{"key":"3","first-page":"84","volume":"15","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-15-0100"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v24.i29.3222"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drup.2014.11.002","volume":"18","year":"2015","journal-title":"Drug Resistance Updates"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.2174\/138161282005140214165212","volume":"20","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Pharmaceutical Design"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1356","DOI":"10.2174\/1389450116666150330113506","volume":"16","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Drug Targets"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"605","DOI":"10.2174\/1871520615666150113103439","volume":"15","year":"2015","journal-title":"Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00205"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jca.17688"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/leu.2017.124"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000480420"},{"key":"14","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology"},{"key":"15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jnatprod.6b00917"},{"key":"16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000488263"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2013.12.024"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2018.05.018"},{"key":"19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-015-1135-z"},{"key":"20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/465105","volume":"2015","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Research International"},{"key":"21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01944592"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2017.03.004","volume":"46","year":"2017","journal-title":"International Immunopharmacology"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0146575"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms131114707"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.2217\/fon.12.86","volume":"8","year":"2012","journal-title":"Future Oncology"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.53.082901.103929","volume":"53","year":"2002","journal-title":"Annual Review of Medicine"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/9808613","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,22]],"date-time":"2021-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640131200000}}],"container-title":["BioMed Research International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2019\/8727935.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2019\/8727935.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2019\/8727935.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T18:40:17Z","timestamp":1549910417000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/bmri\/2019\/8727935\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["8727935","8727935"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/8727935","relation":{"correction":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1155\/2021\/9808613","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2314-6133","2314-6141"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2314-6133","type":"print"},{"value":"2314-6141","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]]}}}