{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T14:56:39Z","timestamp":1777992999813,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1595980800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Viphor Pharma"},{"name":"MDM Pulse II"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Anemia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Anemia and iron deficiency (ID) can impair quality of life and socioeconomic development. We evaluated the prevalence of anemia and ID in the adult Portuguese population in real-life contexts by gender, age, and pregnancy status. We performed a cross-sectional screening in adult individuals in mainland Portugal from 2013 to 2017. Participants completed a survey about demographics and signs or symptoms compatible with anemia, and ID and hemoglobin and ferritin concentrations were determined by point-of-care tests. We estimated and compared prevalence ratios (PR) of anemia and ID using Poisson regression with robust variance and the Wald chi-square test. We collected data from 11,030 individuals (26% men, 64% nonpregnant women, and 10% pregnant women). We found anemia in 51.8% (95% CI 50.1\u201353.4%) of nonpregnant women in fertile age, 46.6% (95% CI 44.7\u201348.6%) of nonpregnant women &gt;51 years, 38.2% (95% CI 35.4\u201341.1%) of pregnant women, and 33.3% (95% CI 31.6\u201335.1%) of men. The prevalence of ID was 72.9% (95% CI 71.4\u201374.4%) in nonpregnant women in fertile age, 50.5% (95% CI 48.5\u201352.4%) in nonpregnant women &gt;51 years, 94.8% (95% CI 93.3\u201396.0%) in pregnant women, and 28.9% (95% CI 27.3\u201330.6%) in men. We found significant associations between the prevalence of anemia or ID and nonpregnant women (PR: 1.50, 95% CI 1.42\u20131.59 or PR: 2.21, 95% CI 2.09\u20132.35, respectively), manifestation of signs or symptoms (PR: 1.19, 95% CI 1.53\u20131.23 or PR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.18\u20131.26), pregnant women (PR: 0.74, 95% CI 0.68\u20130.80 or PR: 1.30, 95% CI 1.27\u20131.33), and nonpregnant women \u226451 years (PR: 1.11, 95% CI 1.06\u20131.17 or PR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.36\u20131.48). In conclusion, anemia and ID represent moderate to severe public health problems, particularly among women in fertile age and in 3rd trimester, of pregnancy emphasizing the need to raise the public and health professionals\u2019 awareness of these problems and their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1048283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T23:30:44Z","timestamp":1596065444000},"page":"1-10","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Screening for Anemia and Iron Deficiency in the Adult Portuguese Population"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9384-7080","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Ant\u00f3nio","family":"Robalo Nunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Immunohemotherapy Service, Armed Forces Hospital (HFAR)\u2013Lisbon, Azinhaga Dos Ulmeiros, Pa\u00e7o Do Lumiar, 1690-020 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Mairos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Air Force Health Directorate\u2013Lisbon, Azinhaga Dos Ulmeiros, Pa\u00e7o Do Lumiar, 1690-020 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dialina","family":"Brilhante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Immunohemotherapy Service, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil (IPO Lisboa), R. Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filipa","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Medicine Service, S\u00e3o Francisco Xavier Hospital, Western Lisbon Hospital Center (CHLO), Estrada Do Forte Do Alto Do Duque, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0384-6290","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Aurora","family":"Belo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Medicine Department, Armed Forces Hospital (HFAR)\u2013Lisbon, Azinhaga Dos Ulmeiros, Pa\u00e7o Do Lumiar, 1690-020 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Cortez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Clinical Pathology Department, Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Lisbon Francisco Gentil (IPO Lisboa), R. Prof. Lima Basto, 1099-023 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Nova Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campo M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00e2ndida","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anemia Working Group Portugal, Av. Columbano Bordalo Pinheiro 75, 1070-061 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Medicine Service, S\u00e3o Francisco Xavier Hospital, Western Lisbon Hospital Center (CHLO), Estrada Do Forte Do Alto Do Duque, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Nova Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Campo M\u00e1rtires da P\u00e1tria 130, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","reference":[{"key":"1","volume-title":"Haemoglobin concentrations for the diagnosis of anaemia and assessment of severity","year":"2011"},{"key":"2","year":"2008"},{"key":"3","year":"2015"},{"key":"4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/imj.13020"},{"key":"5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ggi.12966"},{"key":"6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.blre.2017.02.004"},{"key":"7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.103366"},{"key":"8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/pat.0b013e32834e8291"},{"key":"9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.20344\/amp.6808"},{"key":"10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2003.12.009"},{"key":"11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejh.12776"},{"key":"12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2017.1.152"},{"key":"13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.007195"},{"key":"14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-10-129"},{"issue":"1","key":"15","first-page":"75","volume":"30","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nephrology Nursing Journal: Journal of the American Nephrology Nurses\u2019 Association"},{"key":"16","year":"2001"},{"key":"17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8110693"},{"key":"18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.117.156000"},{"key":"19","year":"2015"},{"key":"20","year":"2011"},{"key":"21","year":"1996"},{"key":"22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(92)90003-m"},{"key":"23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115546"},{"key":"24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0895-4356(89)90044-9"},{"key":"25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.09012.x"},{"key":"26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.1.257s"}],"container-title":["Anemia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2020\/1048283.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2020\/1048283.xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/downloads.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2020\/1048283.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]],"date-time":"2020-07-29T23:30:50Z","timestamp":1596065450000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.hindawi.com\/journals\/anemia\/2020\/1048283\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]},"references-count":26,"alternative-id":["1048283","1048283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2020\/1048283","relation":{},"ISSN":["2090-1267","2090-1275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2090-1267","type":"print"},{"value":"2090-1275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,29]]}}}