{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,27]],"date-time":"2026-07-27T19:02:17Z","timestamp":1785178937259,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596585600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Inqaba Biotec","award":["112080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112080"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["112080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["112080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/jats:italic> is the causative agent of trichomoniasis. The genetic characterisation of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> isolates reveals significant genetic diversity in this organism. Data on the prevalence of different genotypes of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> in South African populations is lacking. This study investigated the diversity of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> in a pregnant population in South Africa. <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>. In this study, 362 pregnant women from the King Edward VIII Hospital in Durban, South Africa, provided vaginal swabs to be tested for the presence of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> was detected using the TaqMan assay using commercially available primers and probes specific for this protozoan (Pr04646256_s1). The <jats:italic>actin<\/jats:italic> gene from <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> was amplified with gene-specific primers. The <jats:italic>actin<\/jats:italic> amplicons were digested with <jats:italic>HindII<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>MseI<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>RsaI<\/jats:italic>, and the banding patterns were compared across the three digests for assignment of genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using MEGA. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>. The prevalence of <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> in the study population was 12.9% (47\/362). Genotype G was the most frequent genotype in our study population. Genotypes H and I were detected in one sample each. According to the multiple sequence alignments and phylogenetic analysis, a level of diversity was observed across and within genotypes. Four different single-nucleotide changes in the <jats:italic>actin<\/jats:italic> gene were detected. Sample TV358 (H genotype) contained a single amino acid substitution from glutamine to lysine. Sample TV184 (G genotype) contained a single amino acid substitution from glutamic acid to arginine. Sample TV357 (G genotype) contained two amino acid substitutions, arginine to leucine and glycine to aspartic acid. <jats:italic>Conclusion<\/jats:italic>. Three different genotypes were observed in the pregnant population. Diversity was observed across and within genotypes. The observed diversity can be challenging for future vaccine design and development of antigen-based rapid diagnostic tests for trichomoniasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/1687427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T23:32:16Z","timestamp":1596670336000},"page":"1-11","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Genotypic Variation in <i>Trichomonas vaginalis<\/i> Detected in South African Pregnant Women"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"2020","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6182-145X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Rennisha","family":"Chetty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Medicine Laboratory, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, South 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